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Composed chess endgame position
In the game of chess, an endgame study, or just study, is a type of chess problem that starts with a composed position—i.e. one that has been made up rather
Endgame_study
Chess endgame study with king and pawn versus king and pawn
The Réti endgame study is a chess endgame study by Richard Réti. It was published in 1921 in Kagans Neueste Schachnachrichten. It demonstrates how a king
Réti_endgame_study
Final phase in the game of chess
The endgame (or ending) is the final stage of a chess game which occurs after the middlegame. It begins when few pieces are left on the board. The line
Chess_endgame
Chess endgame study
Gijs van Breukelen, 1970 Plaskett's Puzzle is a chess endgame study created by the Dutch endgame composer Gijs van Breukelen (February 27, 1946 – December
Plaskett's_Puzzle
Czechoslovak chess player (1889–1929)
and later Czechoslovak chess player, chess author and composer of endgame studies. He was one of the principal proponents of hypermodernism in chess
Richard_Réti
Type of chess problem
illegality of the setting, the study marked the first demonstration of a complete Babson Task within the endgame study genre. A historical precedent exists
Babson_task
Chess endgame study by Fernando Saavedra
Saavedra position The Saavedra position is one of the best-known chess endgame studies. It is named after the Spanish priest Fernando Saavedra (1849–1922)
Saavedra_position
composer and endgame study theorist. He holds the title of Grandmaster for Chess Composition (1989) and is a two-time World Champion in endgame study composition
David_Gurgenidze
Disadvantage in a game due to obligation to move
appearing in an endgame study published in 1604 by Alessandro Salvio, one of the first writers on the game, and in shatranj studies dating back to the
Zugzwang
This is a list of chess endgame study composers ordered alphabetically by surname. Russian names may be written with other spellings. Yochanan Afek (born
List of chess endgame study composers
List_of_chess_endgame_study_composers
Italian priest, academic, and chess master (1719–1796)
analysis in 1782. Ponziani 1769 Ponziani's 1769 manuscript contained the endgame study here with a king and two pawns versus a king. White wins as follows:
Domenico_Lorenzo_Ponziani
Italian chess player (1797–1872)
Chronicle. The articles included many diagrams with exercises and endgame studies, most of them composed by himself. He is regarded as the first composer
Ignazio_Calvi
Austrian chess composer
and endgame studies. He was born and died in Vienna. He was a prosecutor and a member of the Nazi Party. Wotawa composed more than 350 endgame studies, which
Alois_Wotawa
Situation in chess without a legal move
superior side is inattentive. Stalemate is also a common theme in endgame studies and other chess problems. The outcome of a stalemate was standardized
Stalemate
Database of precalculated chess analysis
In chess, the endgame tablebase, or simply the tablebase, is a computerised database containing precalculated evaluations of endgame positions. Tablebases
Endgame_tablebase
Set of chess variants played on a board with hexagonal cells
two.) En passant captures are permitted in Brusky's chess. These endgame studies apply to Brusky's hexagonal variant: king + rook can checkmate a lone
Hexagonal_chess
Chess positions with few pieces where none of them are a pawn
chess endgame is a chess endgame in which only a few pieces remain, and no pawns. The basic checkmates are types of pawnless endgames. Endgames without
Pawnless_chess_endgame
Chess endgame
is an important endgame for chess players to master, since most other endgames have the potential of reducing to this type of endgame via exchanges of
King and pawn versus king endgame
King_and_pawn_versus_king_endgame
Russian-French chess player (1892–1946)
Defence and several other opening variations. He also composed some endgame studies. Alekhine was born into a wealthy Russian family in Moscow, Russia
Alexander_Alekhine
EG is a magazine which publishes endgame studies and discusses various aspects of the endgame in chess. The letters "EG" signify "End Game" and also the
EG_(magazine)
p. 104. Pandolfini 1989, p. 233. Roycroft, A. J. (1981). The Chess Endgame Study: A Comprehensive Introduction. Courier Dover. p. 346. ISBN 9780486241869
Glossary_of_chess
Creator of endgame studies or chess problems
person who creates endgame studies or chess problems. Chess composers usually specialize in a particular genre, e.g. endgame studies, twomovers, threemovers
Chess_composer
Play by Samuel Beckett
‹ The template Infobox play is being considered for merging. › Endgame is an absurdist, tragicomic one-act play by the Irish playwright Samuel Beckett
Endgame_(play)
British chess composer
Arthur John Roycroft (born 25 July 1929, London) is an English chess endgame study composer and author. In 1959 he was awarded the title International
John_Roycroft
Chess move
July 2021. Hornecker, Siegfried (30 April 2022). "Study of the Month - A short history of endgame study castling I". ChessBase. Retrieved 1 May 2022. "Codex
Castling
Chess piece
sometimes used instead, mainly in older literature. In chess problems and endgame studies, the letter S, standing for Springer, the German name for the piece
Knight_(chess)
Traditional board game for two players
without specifying any particular number of moves. The majority of studies are endgame positions, with varying degrees of realism or practical application
Chess
Overview of and topical guide to chess
in games. Endgame positions Endgame study – A composed position with a goal of either winning or drawing Réti endgame study – endgame study illustrate
Outline_of_chess
Chess end-game position
In a chess endgame of a king, bishop, and pawn versus a bare king, or, less commonly, a king, rook, and pawn versus a bishop and king, a wrong rook pawn
Wrong_rook_pawn
Russian chess player
Дми́триевич Григо́рьев) was a Russian chess player and a composer of endgame studies. He was born on 14 August 1895 in Moscow, and he died there in 1938
Nikolai_Grigoriev
Polish chess composer (born 1950)
chess composer, particularly noted for his brilliant endgame studies. He was editor of the study section of Szachy (Chess) from 1971 to the magazine's
Jan_Rusinek
Ukrainian chess player (1950–2021)
Афанасьевич Зинар; 22 November 1950 – 4 February 2021) was a Ukrainian chess endgame study composer. Zinar was born on 22 November 1950, but his passport states
Mikhail_Zinar
Hungarian-American chess grandmaster (1928–2019)
Hungarian and American chess grandmaster, author, and composer of endgame studies and chess problems. Benko was born on July 15, 1928, in Amiens, France
Pal_Benko
Soviet-Armenian composer of chess problems and endgame studies. He composed about 6,000 problems and studies, almost as many chess puzzles as the 6,500 created
Ernest_Pogosyants
Italian chess composer (born 1987)
and then exploring other genres, including endgame studies. In early 2025, he published an endgame study that achieved a complete Babson task (4/4) in
Daniele_Guglielmo_Gatti
Russian chess player
greatest composers of chess endgame studies. He is widely regarded as the founder of the modern art of composing chess studies (Seirawan 2003:91). Troitsky
Alexey_Troitsky
Dutch chess composer
Harold van der Heijden is a Dutch composer of chess endgame studies. He was born in Veghel, The Netherlands, on 18 December 1960. By profession, after
Harold_van_der_Heijden
Italian chess composer (1924–2020)
Pietro Rossi (26 May 1924 – 18 November 2020) was an Italian chess endgame study composer. Rossi was born in Treviso in May 1924, but lived for most of
Pietro_Rossi_(chess_composer)
Type of chess problem, often humorous
In chess, a grotesque is a problem or endgame study which features a particularly unlikely or impossible initial position, especially one in which White
Grotesque_(chess)
Austrian chess player (1845–1933)
1845, Graz – 17 October 1933) was an Austrian chess master, theorist, endgame study composer, author and editor. In September 1870, he won the first tournament
Johann_Berger
1951 chess program
against the computer was impossible, forcing Prinz to focus solely on endgame studies, specifically mate-in-two problems. Additionally, the rules were significantly
Chess_(Dietrich_Prinz)
Pawn with no opposing pawns to prevent it from advancing to the eighth rank
example of the power of passed pawns is seen in the conclusion of an endgame study by Leopold Mitrofanov (see diagram). Black, with a queen, bishop, and
Passed_pawn
than 10,000 endgame studies. He served as a judge for the FIDE Album (1977–1979) and was later appointed as the director of the endgame study department
Vazha_Neidze
Israeli-American composer Gady Costeff achieved a partial Babson Task in an endgame study (3/4 of the theme). Other composers similarly created only partial versions
Joseph_Ney_Babson
In chess, and particularly in endgame studies, domination occurs when a player controls all movement squares of an enemy piece. This article uses algebraic
Domination_(chess)
an Israeli-American chess composer. Costeff composed more than 100 endgame studies in his career. He also composed about 30 problems, often collaborating
Gady_Costeff
Soviet chess player (1910–1995)
is considered to have been one of the greatest composers of chess endgame studies. Kasparyan became a national master in 1936 and an international master
Genrikh_Kasparyan
was the 2019-2021 World Champion of Chess Composition in section D (Endgame Studies), while now holds the silver medal for the 2022-2024 edition. Besides
Steffen_Slumstrup_Nielsen
Czech chess player (1884–1966)
was a Czech chess master and one of the most prolific composers of endgame studies in chess. He was born and died in Prague. Prokeš was joint Czech Champion
Ladislav_Prokeš
Chess endgame
The two knights endgame is a chess endgame with a king and two knights versus a king. In contrast to a king and two bishops (on opposite-colored squares)
Two_knights_endgame
Surname list
player Johann Berger (1845–1933), Austrian chess master, theorist, endgame study composer, author and editor Lars Berger (born 1979), Norwegian biathlete
Berger
British mathematician (1916–2020)
Publications including EG use it to classify endgame types and to index endgame studies. Richard Guy endgame composition: 1938 Solution: 1. Kd1 Ka3 2. Kc1
Richard_K._Guy
Reading material about chess endgame
Much literature about chess endgames has been produced in the form of books and magazines. A bibliography of endgame books is below. Many chess masters
Chess_endgame_literature
Latvian chess player (1894–1932)
chess masters in the early 1930s. He was also a leading composer of endgame studies. He died of tuberculosis at the age of 37. In 1924, Matisons won the
Hermanis_Matisons
10th-century Turkic scholar at Abbasid court
who wrote A Collection of the Stratagems of Chess. Al-Ṣūlī's shaṭranj endgame study, called "Al-Ṣūlī's Diamond", "As-Suli's Diamond" or "Suli's Diamond"
Abu_Bakr_bin_Yahya_al-Suli
Russian chess player (1891–1942)
Ivanovich Kubbel; 1891 or 1892 – 1942) was a Russian composer of chess endgame studies and problems. Kubbel was born in Saint Petersburg at the end of 1891
Leonid_Kubbel
American film and television directors
War (2018), and Avengers: Endgame (2019). The pair are the third-highest-grossing directors of all time and their film Endgame grossed over $2.798 billion
Russo_brothers
Ending goal in chess
Bobby Fischer), or after many moves with as few as three pieces in an endgame. The term checkmate is, according to the Barnhart Etymological Dictionary
Checkmate
Chess endgame
The chess endgame of a queen versus pawn (with both sides having no other pieces except the kings) is usually an easy win for the side with the queen
Queen_versus_pawn_endgame
published around fifty endgame studies. He became the editor of British Chess Magazine in 1995, and founded the magazine British Endgame Study News (which he
John_Beasley_(chess_composer)
Georgian physicist and chess composer
being 4th place in the 14th Championship (1983). As a composer of endgame studies, he specialized in rook endings. From the 1950s, Kalandadze published
Velimir_Kalandadze
Chess compositions with nonstandard rules (e.g. with fairy pieces)
eight sections: directmates (2-movers, 3-movers and more-movers), endgame studies, helpmates, selfmates, fairy chess, retros, and mathematical problems
Fairy_chess
American actor (born 1996)
Homecoming (2017), cameos in Avengers: Infinity War (2018) and Avengers: Endgame (2019), and further supporting roles in Spider-Man: Far From Home (2019)
Jacob_Batalon
Feature of chess relating to both kings' positions
order to hold the position. Corresponding squares exist in some chess endgames, usually ones that are mostly blocked. Usually, there are several groups
Corresponding_squares
Finnish chess problemist
Valtonen is chess problemist who worked in several genres, including endgame study, helpmate and selfmate. He was one of Finland's chess problem magazine
Kari_Valtonen
Suburb in England
Lioness line, Southern & West Midlands Trains) to the north. Chess endgame study composer and author John Roycroft was born in Alperton[citation needed]
Alperton
Surname list
Russian Empire Nikolay Grigoriev (1895–1938), Russian chess player and endgame study composer Oksana Grigorieva (born 1970), Russian musician Oleg Grigoriev
Grigoryev
Russian chess grandmaster and author (1922–2022)
major endgame study theorist. More than 100 studies were published during his lifetime, many of which have made notable contributions to endgame theory
Yuri_Averbakh
Russian chess composer
of chess endgame studies. He was born in Baku on February 11, 1897, and worked as a literature and theatre reviewer. His first chess study was published
Abram_Gurvich
American chess grandmaster (1943–2008)
Fischer's endgame expertise. When a young player is good at attacking or at combinations, this is understandable, but a faultless endgame technique at
Bobby_Fischer
French chess player (1895–1980)
– September 12, 1980) was a French chess player, endgame theorist, and a composer of endgame studies. He was named a FIDE International Master of Chess
André_Chéron_(chess_player)
Ukrainian chess composer and economist
in the field of endgame studies. He is known for his analytical style, high-level compositions, and for founding the website Chess Study Art, where he regularly
Serhiy_Didukh
Dutch chess player
Paris, De La Rue, 1841 & 1850) Jan van Reek; Henk van Donk: History of Endgame Study Composing in the Netherlands and Flanders, Margraten, 1992, ISBN 90-72939-12-3
Elias_Stein_(chess_player)
Ukrainian-French chess player (1903–1967)
Paris) was a French chess player, theorist, problemist, and a noted endgame study composer. Born in Odessa, in the Kherson Governorate of the Russian
Vitaly_Halberstadt
German composer of chess endgame studies (born 1969)
composer of chess endgame studies. His compositions are predominantly of tactical nature and often have surprising visual effects. His studies have won competitions
Martin_Minski
Topics referred to by the same term
(EP), an EP by Goodshirt EG (magazine), a journal dedicated to chess endgame studies Eg White (born 1966), a British musician, songwriter and producer E
EG
System for representing classes of chess positions
chessboard. Publications such as EG use it to classify endgame types and to index endgame studies. The code is named after Richard Guy, Hugh Blandford and
GBR_code
American actor (born 2001)
Cinematic Universe as Harley Keener in Iron Man 3 (2013) and Avengers: Endgame (2019), as well as the independent film The Whale (2022). Simpkins was
Ty_Simpkins
Name list
player Ladislav Prokeš, Czechoslovak chess master and composer of endgame studies Ladislav Žák, Czechoslovak architect and painter Ladislav Zgusta, Czechoslovak
Ladislav
List of characters appearing in the Marvel Cinematic Universe
(2016) and Avengers: Endgame (2019). Alternate universe variants of the Ancient One appeared in two projects: the film Avengers: Endgame; and the Disney+
Characters of the Marvel Cinematic Universe: A–L
Characters_of_the_Marvel_Cinematic_Universe:_A–L
Topics referred to by the same term
character in the video game Star Wars: Starfighter Réti endgame study, a chess endgame study by Richard Réti Réti Opening, chess opening named after Richard
Reti
Basic chess fundamentals and ideas developed to better understand the game
and endgame. There is a large body of theory regarding how the game should be played in each of these phases, especially the opening and endgame. Those
Chess_theory
American superhero media franchise films
grossed over $32.4 billion at the global box office. This includes Avengers: Endgame, which became the highest-grossing film of all time at the time of its
List of Marvel Cinematic Universe films
List_of_Marvel_Cinematic_Universe_films
Topics referred to by the same term
refer to: Johann Berger (1845–1933), Austrian chess master, theorist, endgame study composer, author, and editor Johann Gottfried von Berger (1659–1736)
Johann Berger (disambiguation)
Johann_Berger_(disambiguation)
English composer of chess endgame studies
chess endgame studies. He was born in Newbury, Berkshire on 27 November 1919 and died on 28 December 2004. Bent was the most prolific English endgame composer
Charles_Bent_(chess_composer)
Dutch chess composer
Martin van Essen is a Dutch chess composer of endgame studies, with compositions recorded in the Harold van der Heijden database (Volume V, updated 31
Martin_van_Essen
English chess grandmaster and writer (born 1960)
Brussels, he presented an endgame study composed circa 1970 by endgame composer Gijs van Breukelen. As a result, the famous study is now known as Plaskett's
James_Plaskett
Dutch chess grandmaster (1951–2026)
Jan (31 August 2023) [2011]. The Art of The Endgame: My Journeys in the Magical World of Endgame Studies. New in Chess. ISBN 978-90-833284-0-9. Timman
Jan_Timman
Soviet chess composer (1910–1953)
110 endgame studies, usually with geometrical motifs. In 1945, he was appointed editor of Soviet chess magazine Shakhmaty v SSSR. In 2010, endgame association
Mark_Liburkin
Russian chess player (1932–1992)
chemical engineer. Beginning in the 1950s, Mitrofanov published over 300 endgame studies, 40 of which were awarded first prizes in competitions. Between 1955
Leopold_Mitrofanov
the Guy–Blandford–Roycroft code for classifying studies. In July 1951 he began as the endgame study editor for the British Chess Magazine. He was made
Hugh_Blandford
Russian chess composer
chess composer. Pervakov published his first chess endgame study in 1997. He has composed about 130 studies, either individually or in collaboration, and has
Oleg_Pervakov
World's oldest chess journal
technically advanced "Speelman on the Endgame" column. Ian R Watson. From 2010 onwards, he has written the "Endgame Studies" column. He is also a reviewer of
British_Chess_Magazine
German-British chess player (1807–1885)
Cemetery. Horwitz's Chess Studies (1851), co-authored with Josef Kling, is an important work on the endgame study and endgames in general. "Horwitz bishops"
Bernhard_Horwitz
English chess grandmaster (1933–2021)
played by the entire Penrose family. His father was a composer of endgame studies and a strong player, as was his older brother Oliver. By the age of
Jonathan_Penrose
Chess endgame theory
The rook and pawn versus rook endgame is a fundamentally important, widely studied chess endgame. Precise play is usually required in these positions.
Rook and pawn versus rook endgame
Rook_and_pawn_versus_rook_endgame
Soviet chess player (1908–1965)
chess studies and problems. Starting 1936, Chekhover published more than 160 endgame studies. He is considered a prominent specialist on knight endgames, and
Vitaly_Chekhover
Thematic motif in chess
the well known endgame study the Saavedra position. One simple example of such a pattern is "triangulation" in a king and pawn endgame, such as in the
Rundlauf
American ecophilosopher
Paul (2001). "Review of A Language Older Than Words". Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment. 8 (2): 276–277. doi:10.1093/isle/8.2.276
Derrick_Jensen_(activist)
Chess website
ChessCafe.com is a website that publishes endgame studies, book reviews and other articles related to chess on a weekly basis. It was founded in 1996
ChessCafe.com
ENDGAME STUDY
ENDGAME STUDY
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a variant spelling of Studdy, a habitational name from Studdah in Yorkshire, Stodday in Lancashire (both named with Old English stÅd ‘stud’ + haga ‘hedged enclosure’), or Stody in Norfolk (from the same first element + (ge)hæg ‘enclosure’), or a topographic name from Middle English stode ‘stud’ + hey ‘enclosure’.
Girl/Female
Indian
Deep Contemplation; Reflection through Study
Girl/Female
Tamil
Long practice, Study, Fulfilment
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Goddess Saraswati; God of Study
Boy/Male
Hindu
Reflection through study
Surname or Lastname
German
German : status name from Middle Low German schÅler ‘scholar’, ‘pupil’ (especially one studying to be a clergyman).German : nickname for someone with money, Middle High German scholære.English : variant spelling of Scholar.
Girl/Female
Indian
Study, Read (Celebrity Name: Sanjay Dutt)
Girl/Female
Assamese, Celebrity, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Long Practice; Study; Fulfilment; Achievement; Goddess Durga
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Observance; Evidence; Study
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Worship; Long Practice; Study; Fulfilment; Achievement; Goddess Durga
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
Study Godess
Boy/Male
Tamil
Reflection through study
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
King of Study
Girl/Female
Tamil
Long practice, Study, Fulfilment
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Mellis 1.German : variant of Melius.Dutch ((van) Melis) : variant of Millis 2.Czech and Slovak (Meliš), and Hungarian : from a short form of the Biblical personal name Melichar (see Melchior).Greek : from the personal name Melis, a pet form of Meletios or Meliton (names of various early saints and martyrs). The personal names are derived from either meli ‘honey’ or meletan ‘care for’, ‘study’.Italian (Sardinia and southern Italy) : habitational name from a place so named in Sardinia.Lithuanian : nickname from melis ‘blue’.Latvian : unflattering nickname from melis ‘liar’.Latvian : variant of Mellis.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Long practice, Study, Fulfilment
Girl/Female
Hindu
Long practice, Study, Fulfilment
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Study; Beautiful Woman
Girl/Female
Muslim
Study, Read (Celebrity Name: Sanjay Dutt)
Girl/Female
Indian
Goddess; Study
ENDGAME STUDY
ENDGAME STUDY
Male
English
Unisex short form of English Stephen and Stephanie, both STEPH means "crown."
Male
Scandinavian
Scandinavian name derived from Old Norse hamr, HEMMING means "shape." The name may have originated as a byname for a "shape-shifter" or "werewolf."
Girl/Female
German
From the Old German name, meaning strong spear.
Girl/Female
Indian
Adoration
Male
English
Variant spelling of English unisex Shea, possibly SHAYE means "hawk-like."
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
King of Waters
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
River; Goddess Lakshmi
Boy/Male
Greek
A tyrant of Syracuse.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Muslim
Thought; Thinking
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Active; Intelligent; Adorned; Refined
ENDGAME STUDY
ENDGAME STUDY
ENDGAME STUDY
ENDGAME STUDY
ENDGAME STUDY
v. t.
To enter into contest with; to encounter; to bring to conflict.
v. t.
To gain for service; to bring in as associate or aid; to enlist; as, to engage friends to aid in a cause; to engage men for service.
v. t.
To put under pledge; to pledge; to place under obligations to do or forbear doing something, as by a pledge, oath, or promise; to bind by contract or promise.
imp. & p. p.
of Engage
n.
Marriage only within the tribe; a custom restricting a man in his choice of a wife to the tribe to which he belongs; -- opposed to exogamy.
v. i.
To be in gear, as two cogwheels working together.
v. i.
To bind one's self; to engage.
v. t.
To come into gear with; as, the teeth of one cogwheel engage those of another, or one part of a clutch engages the other part.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Engage
v. i.
To enter into conflict; to join battle; as, the armies engaged in a general battle.
v. t.
To cover as with a dome.
v. t.
To tame.
v. t.
To inclose, as in a frame.
v. i.
To embark in a business; to take a part; to employ or involve one's self; to devote attention and effort; to enlist; as, to engage in controversy.
v. t.
To engage with; to attack.
v. t.
To gain over; to win and attach; to attract and hold; to draw.
v. i.
To engage in any affair.
v. i.
To carouse or engage in dissipation.
v. i.
To promise or pledge one's self; to enter into an obligation; to become bound; to warrant.
v. t.
To employ the attention and efforts of; to occupy; to engross; to draw on.