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Cloud of gas or a trail around a comet or asteroid
coma is the nebulous envelope around the nucleus of a comet, formed when the comet passes near the Sun in its highly elliptical orbit. As the comet warms
Coma_(comet)
Periodic comet
structure of a comet nucleus and the mechanism of coma and tail formation. These observations supported several longstanding hypotheses about comet construction
Halley's_Comet
Natural object in space that releases gas
The coma may be up to 15 times Earth's diameter, while the tail may stretch beyond one astronomical unit. If sufficiently close and bright, a comet may
Comet
Interstellar comet in 2025
1I/ʻOumuamua and 2I/Borisov. 3I/ATLAS is an active comet consisting of a solid icy nucleus and a coma, which is a cloud of gas and icy dust escaping from
3I/ATLAS
Central part of a comet
degradation of water and carbon dioxide molecules released from the comet nucleus into its coma. Comet nuclei, at ~1 km to at times tens of kilometers, could not
Comet_nucleus
Great Comet of 1997
already had an observable coma. A precovery image taken at the UK Schmidt Telescope in 1993 was found to show the then-unnoticed comet some 13 AU (1.9 billion km
Comet_Hale–Bopp
European–Japanese spacecraft to launch in 2029
surface composition, shape, structure, and the composition of its gas coma." Comet Interceptor is being developed as ESA's first Fast class (F-class) of
Comet_Interceptor
Great Comet of 1996
comet to have an X-ray emission detected, which is most likely the result of ionised solar wind particles interacting with neutral atoms in the coma of
Comet_Hyakutake
Great Comet of 2020
45 degrees north, the comet was visible all night in mid-July 2020. On July 30, Comet NEOWISE entered the constellation of Coma Berenices, below the bright
Comet_NEOWISE
Non-periodic comet
Earth, it displayed an apparent magnitude of 0, with an easily-visible coma. The comet was discovered on March 25, 1811, by Honoré Flaugergues at 2.7 AU from
Great_Comet_of_1811
Oort cloud comet
comet had an apparent magnitude of about 6 and its coma 3 arcminutes across under moonlight and the comet near the horizon. On 7 April 2026 was 33 degrees
C/2025_R3_(PanSTARRS)
Topics referred to by the same term
2025 The Coma: Cutting Class, a 2015 horror video game Coma (comet), the diffuse portion of a comet Coma (optics), the comatic aberration Coma Cluster
Coma_(disambiguation)
Aberration inherent to certain optical designs or due to imperfection in the lens
as stars appearing distorted, appearing to have a tail (coma) like a comet. Specifically, coma is defined as a variation in magnification over the entrance
Coma_(optics)
Jupiter-family comet
known outburst by a comet, and became visible to the naked eye. It also briefly became the largest object in the Solar System, as its coma (the thin dissipating
Comet_Holmes
Comet that lacks typical activity
An extinct comet is a comet that has expelled most of its volatile ice and has little left to form a tail and coma. In a dormant comet, rather than being
Extinct_comet
Hyperbolic comet
Comet Shajn–Comas Solá, formal designation C/1925 F1, is a hyperbolic comet co-discovered by Grigory Shajn and Josep Comas Solá in 1925. At the time, it
C/1925_F1_(Shajn–Comas_Solá)
Periodic comet
32P/Comas Solà is a periodic comet with a current orbital period of 9.7 years around the Sun. It is the second of two comets discovered by Spanish astronomer
32P/Comas_Solà
Projection of material from a comet
the comet. Ultraviolet radiation ionize molecules in the coma, forming plasma which in turn induces a magnetosphere around the comet. The comet and its
Comet_tail
Non-periodic comet
Comet Kohoutek (pronounced "ko-HU-tek" /koʊˈhuːtɛk/, or "ko-ho-tek" /koʊhoʊtɛk/), formally designated as C/1973 E1, 1973 XII and 1973f, is a comet that
C/1973_E1_(Kohoutek)
Great Comet of 1965
brightness. Though the comet's coma had dimmed to magnitude 7.4 by 27 November, a tail spanning 10° remained visible to the naked eye. The comet dimmed below naked-eye
Comet_Ikeya–Seki
Non-periodic comet
2 July 2025, the comet was spotted again in the morning sky, significantly brighter than predicted. On 12 August the comet had a coma about one arcminute
C/2025_A6_(Lemmon)
Periodic comet
Like most comets, it has a very low albedo, reflecting only 4.6% of the light its nucleus receives, although comets generate a large coma and tail that
Comet_Encke
Periodic contact binary comet
Astronomical Observatory, who examined a photograph that had been exposed for comet Comas Solà by Svetlana Ivanovna Gerasimenko on 11 September 1969 at the Alma-Ata
67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko
Interstellar object that passed near Earth in 2017
close approach to the Sun, it showed no signs of having a coma, the usual nebula around comets formed when they pass near the Sun. Further, it exhibited
1I/ʻOumuamua
Largest known Oort cloud comet
UN271 from the Dark Energy Survey in October 2017 Comet Bernardinelli–Bernstein with a diffuse coma, imaged by Las Cumbres Observatory on 22 June 2021
C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli–Bernstein)
C/2014_UN271_(Bernardinelli–Bernstein)
Oort cloud comet
obtained precovery images of the comet between 15 and 29 February 2024. The comet was reported to have a condensed coma about 4 arcseconds in diameter and
C/2024_E1_(Wierzchoś)
Class of asteroids
Dark comets are a class of asteroids that exhibit some behavior consistent with comets, but do not grow a comet's tail or produce a coma, making them
Dark_comet
Closest observed comet approach to Earth
it rapidly grew in size, its coma reaching 27 arcminutes across by June 24: by this time it was of magnitude +2. The comet was also noted by several other
Lexell's_Comet
Kreutz sungrazer comet
R1 and C/1965 S1 (Ikeya–Seki). The comet then was estimated to have an apparent magnitude of 15.3 and featured a coma about a half arcminute across. Further
C/2024_S1_(ATLAS)
Halley-type comet
Comet Pons–Brooks is a periodic comet with an orbital period of 71 years. Comets with an orbital period of 20–200 years are referred to as Halley-type
12P/Pons–Brooks
Oort cloud comet
Comet ISON, formally known as C/2012 S1, was a sungrazing comet from the Oort cloud which was discovered on 21 September 2012 by Vitaly Nevsky (Віталь
Comet_ISON
Great Comet of 2024
revealed it had a very condensed coma and a small straight tail 10 arcseconds in length, indicating it was a comet already active at a distance of 7
Comet_Tsuchinshan–ATLAS
Non-periodic comet
while K. Yoshimoto reported its coma was 15 arcseconds across and the comet had a small tail 25 arcseconds long. The comet in stacked ZTF images appeared
C/2022_E3_(ZTF)
Parabolic comet
observations of the comet conducted from the Asiago Astrophysical Observatory between 3 and 15 August 2025 had revealed that its coma is significantly depleted
C/2025_K1_(ATLAS)
Great Comet of 1970
changes in the comet's coma. From the photometric data obtained with OAO-2, the production rates of OH and H and their dependence on the comet's distance from
Comet_Bennett
Comets with less than 200 year orbital periods
material that forms the comet's coma and tail. Unlike a long-period comet, the next perihelion passage of a numbered periodic comet can be predicted with
List_of_periodic_comets
Long-period comet
detected in the spectrum of the coma of C/2025 R2 (SWAN). C/2025 A6 (Lemmon) C/2025 F2 (SWAN) – a disintegrated comet formerly known as SWAN25F C/2025
C/2025_R2_(SWAN)
NASA sample-return mission to Comet 81P/Wild 2 (1999–2011)
February 1999. Its primary mission was to collect dust samples from the coma of comet Wild 2, as well as samples of cosmic dust, and return them to Earth
Stardust_(spacecraft)
European mission to study Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (2004–2016)
composition surrounding Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. It studies how the comet’s gas interacts with the solar wind to form a coma. It has a Langmuir Probe
Rosetta_(spacecraft)
Ringed centaur and comet
5931. Meech, Karen J. (19 February 1994). "The Structure of the Inner Coma of Comet Chiron: Imaging The Exopause". Institute for Astronomy, University of
2060_Chiron
Comet
sources mention that it had a tail 4–5° long. The comet was moving northwards and passed through Bootes, Coma Berenices and Ursa Major and was about 15 degrees
Great_Comet_of_1472
Interstellar comet in 2019
determination. David Jewitt and Jane Luu estimate from the size of its coma the comet is producing 2 kg/s of dust and is losing 60 kg/s of water. They extrapolate
2I/Borisov
Great Comet of 2025
The comet at the time was a magnitude 19 object about 4.38 AU (655 million km) from Earth. Further observations indicated it had a diffuse coma about
C/2024_G3_(ATLAS)
Oort cloud comet
ground-based telescopes. In April 2011, the comet was around magnitude 15 (roughly the brightness of Pluto), with a coma (expanding tenuous dust atmosphere) estimated
C/2010_X1_(Elenin)
Bodies orbiting within the main asteroid belt which have shown cometary activity
orbits but show comet-like visual characteristics. That is, they show a coma, tail, or other visual evidence of mass-loss (like a comet), but their orbits
Active_asteroid
Halley-type comet
a very condensed coma. The comet was subsequently found in images obtained by other observatories back on 25 December 2022. The comet brightened in late
C/2023_E1_(ATLAS)
Centaur comet with 34 year orbit
Besançon observatory in France indicated that it was not a comet, but in December 2005 a cometary coma was detected. In early 2006 the Committee on Small Bodies
60558_Echeclus
Constellation in the northern hemisphere
Coma Berenices is an ancient asterism in the northern sky, which has been defined as one of the 88 modern constellations. It is in the direction of the
Coma_Berenices
Comet that collided with Jupiter
Jupiter. However, as his team were expecting comets to be inactive or at best exhibit a weak dust coma, and SL9 had a peculiar morphology, its true nature
Comet_Shoemaker–Levy_9
Non-periodic comet
the Telescope's STIS revealed the presence of S2 within its coma, making it the third comet known where such chemical compound was detected after C/1983
C/1999_H1_(Lee)
Periodic comet with 14 year orbit
comet remains active with a coma as it is close to the snow line. It will reach aphelion on 30 September 2026. The comet is a member of a class of objects
29P/Schwassmann–Wachmann
Great Comet of 1976
Comet West, formally designated as C/1975 V1, 1976 VI, and 1975n, was a comet described as one of the brightest objects to pass through the inner Solar
C/1975_V1_(West)
Non-periodic comet
inner coma by 1/3, revealing a change in the emanations of dust particles from the comet's nucleus. Chemical analysis of the comet showed that its coma is
C/2020_S3_(Erasmus)
Proposed NASA mission concept to explore Comet 46P/Wirtanen
rendezvoused with Comet Wirtanen to map the spatial heterogeneity of surface solids as well as gas and dust emissions from the coma - the nebulous envelope
Comet_Hopper
Comet that had a close encounter with Mars in 2014
Mars passed about 27,000 km (17,000 mi) from the comet's orbit around 20:10 UT. The coma of the comet is projected to more than double the amount of hydrogen
C/2013_A1_(Siding_Spring)
Non-periodic comet
magnitude to be 7. B. Mayer observed the comet the next day and mentioned it had a central concentration within a coma of 2 arcminutes, while a photograph
C/1983 J1 (Sugano–Saigusa–Fujikawa)
C/1983_J1_(Sugano–Saigusa–Fujikawa)
Periodic comets numbered by the Minor Planet Center
numbered comets (1P–513P). There are 441 Jupiter-family comets (JFCs), 50 Encke-type comets (ETCs), 15 Halley-type comets (HTCs), five Chiron-type comets (CTCs)
List_of_numbered_comets
Oort cloud comet
domination to an H2O dominated coma is also clear from the change of the color of the comet towards less green as the comet crossed the water-ice sublimation
C/2017_K2_(PanSTARRS)
Jupiter-family comet
period of the comet was 7.22 years. In December 1985, a detacted coma or tail was detected 6 arcseconds from the nucleus of the comet and extending for
108P/Ciffréo
Lost comet
Biela's Comet or Comet Biela (official designation: 3D/Biela) was a periodic Jupiter-family comet first recorded in 1772 by Montaigne and Messier and
Biela's_Comet
Non-periodic comet
with the comet been reported to have an apparent magnitude of 3.3 on 12 June, but by 18 June it had faded to a magnitude of 4.3, while its coma was reported
C/2001_A2_(LINEAR)
Halley-type comet
arcminute. By 10 March 2024 the comet had brightened to a magnitude of 11.4 and the coma was 4 arcminutes across. The comet was observed visually on April
13P/Olbers
Cosmic dust that originates from a comet
Comet dust is cosmic dust that originates from a comet. Comet dust can provide clues to comets' origin. When the Earth passes through a comet dust trail
Comet_dust
Hyperbolic comet
when the comet was 5 AU (750 million km) from the Sun. The comet appeared to have a 10" coma and a 5" broad tail in the photographs taken as part of the
C/2021_A1_(Leonard)
Earth with comet samples of the nucleus and its coma. If selected for development, the mission would have launched in 2024, cruise to the comet would take
Comet Rendezvous, Sample Acquisition, Investigation, and Return
Comet_Rendezvous,_Sample_Acquisition,_Investigation,_and_Return
Jupiter-family comet
the signature of vaporized water in the comet's coma. Hartley 2 contains half as much heavy water as other comets analyzed before, with the same ratio between
103P/Hartley
Cancelled NASA mission to explore Comet 22P/Kopff
on the comet's nucleus, its coma, and its dust and ion cloud and tail. CRAF was also to provide the first close-up look at how a comet's coma and its
Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby
Comet_Rendezvous_Asteroid_Flyby
Non-periodic comet
by G.-y. Sun. The comet had an apparent magnitude of about 14 and its coma was about 30 arcseconds across. Furthermore, the comet was spotted by Robert
C/2025_F2_(SWAN)
Natural physical entity in space
nucleus of ice and dust, and an object in reference to the entire comet with its diffuse coma and tail. According to NASA astrophysicists, early astronomical
Astronomical_object
Non-periodic comet
method based on coma magnitude decay function estimated the effective radius at 2.317±0.190 km. Light curve measurements taken while the comet was in a brief
C/2011_L4_(PanSTARRS)
Halley-type comet
had an apparent magnitude of 8 and its coma was three arcminutes across, while no tail was visible. The comet at that point was at a solar elongation
C/1991_L3_(Levy)
Comet
Ryves's Comet, also known as C/1931 P1, 1931 IV or 1931c, was discovered by Percy Mayow Ryves, an English amateur astronomer, on 10 August 1931. The comet passed
Comet_Ryves
Periodic comet
rendezvous with Comet Wirtanen and begin to map the spatial heterogeneity of surface solids as well as gas and dust emissions from within its coma. The remote
46P/Wirtanen
Lost comet
52 AU (78 million km). As a result of this close encounter to Earth, the comet's coma diameter increased. Johann Friedrich Julius Schmidt estimated it as 3
5D/Brorsen
Type of Solar System object
comets, while Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 has always held a comet designation. Other centaurs, such as 52872 Okyrhoe, are suspected of having shown comas.
Centaur (small Solar System body)
Centaur_(small_Solar_System_body)
Non-periodic comet
Tebbutt reported that the comet brightened to magnitude 4.0, with its nucleus surrounded by an extensive coma. As the comet started to fade away in the
C/1889_O1_(Davidson)
Spanish astronomer
A.). He discovered the periodic comet 32P/Comas Solà, and co-discovered the non-periodic comet C/1925 F1 (Shajn-Comas Solà); he is also credited by the
Josep_Comas_i_Solà
Non-periodic comet
throughout its inner coma. Its blue-green glow is the result of organic molecules (mostly diatomic carbon) and water released by the comet fluorescing under
C/2014_Q2_(Lovejoy)
Long-period comet
reported the discovery of the comet taken by the ATLAS facility of the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii, where he noted that a coma about 10 arcseconds wide
C/2020_R4_(ATLAS)
Non-periodic comet
infrared images of the comet. These images also constitute the first two-dimensional images of methanol distribution in a comet's coma. The methanol production
C/1990_K1_(Levy)
Periodic comet
measure the interaction of the solar wind and how it affects the coma of this comet. Giotto was deactivated just 13 days after its flyby of Grigg–Skjellerup
26P/Grigg–Skjellerup
Sungrazing comet
observations, its coma was substantially smaller than the Sun in volume,[citation needed] but the forward scattering of light made the comet appear significantly
96P/Machholz
Long-period comet
A. Elliott; D. J. McComas; M. E. Hill; et al. (2020). "Cometary Ions detected by the Cassini spacecraft 6.5 AU downstream of Comet 153P/Ikeya-Zhang" (PDF)
153P/Ikeya–Zhang
Jupiter-family comet
Boattini. Boattini spotted this comet, initially designated as P/2009 Q4, as a 19th-magnitude object with a strongly condensed coma on the night of 26 August
398P/Boattini
Non-periodic comet
July and described it as round, with a coma 3–4 arcminutes across and an estimated magnitude of 8–9. The comet was getting brighter as it was approaching
C/1864_N1_(Tempel)
Parabolic comet
had brightened to a magnitude of 5.3 and its coma had an estimated diameter of 21 arcminutes. The comet approached Earth at a distance of 0.316 AU (47
C/2000_WM1_(LINEAR)
Periodic comet with 8 year orbit
telescope with an estimated apparent magnitude of around 18.2. The comet has a diffuse coma 15 arcseconds across. In mid October, around 13.4 October, 34 days
217P/LINEAR
Chiron-type comet
cometary coma. Contrary to Chiron, which is the prototype object for the dynamical group of centaurs, 167P/CINEOS has no "dual status" as comet and minor
167P/CINEOS
Long-period comet
be 7.3 and its coma to have a diameter of 5 arcminutes, while a thin ion tail 1.5–2 degrees long is visible in photographs. The comet was spotted with
C/2023_P1_(Nishimura)
Jupiter-family comet
41P/Tuttle–Giacobini–Kresák is a Jupiter-family comet with a 5.43-year orbit around the Sun. Observations with the Hubble Space Telescope and dynamical
41P/Tuttle–Giacobini–Kresák
Jupiter-family comet
May 25. The comet had a coma 8–10 arcseconds across without central concentration and a narrow tail 20 to 30 arcseconds long. The comet was recovered
220P/McNaught
Non-periodic comet
a nebulous star of the third magnitude; he measured the coma as five minutes across. The comet brightened steadily as it approached perihelion. By February
Great_Comet_of_1744
Parabolic comet
measured the coma diameter as 1.7' on 7 October. Ralph Copeland described the comet as "bright and round" on October 19 while measuring the comet's spectra
C/1879_Q1_(Palisa)
result, many comets have more than one name. The simplest system names comets after the year in which they were observed (e.g. the Great Comet of 1680).
Naming_of_comets
Non-periodic comet
Giovanni Battista Donati and Carlo Toussaint spotted a new comet within the constellation Coma Berenices. Their discovery was confirmed four days later
C/1864_O1_(Donati–Toussaint)
Carbon monoxide-rich comet
from typical comets, and was found to be rich in carbon monoxide (CO) but depleted in hydrogen cyanide (HCN), resulting in a blue coma. The blue color
C/2016_R2_(PanSTARRS)
Hyperbolic comet
from the comet were measured by the TRAPPIST telescopes, detecting emissions of OH, CN, as well as C2 and C3-carbon compounds from its coma. It made its
C/2022_A2_(PanSTARRS)
Non-periodic comet
revealed that the comet may have a rotation period of 9.1±0.2 hours, although a 2012 study regarding the morphological structures in its coma suggested it
C/2004_Q2_(Machholz)
Non-periodic comet
comet's coma faced away from the Sun was also significant. One failing of Brahe's measurements was in exactly how far out of the atmosphere the comet
Great_Comet_of_1577
Comet discovered by German astronomer Johann Georg Tralles
Johann Elert Bode, also in Berlin. On July 2, Tralles found the comet to have a coma of 40″. On July 3, Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve measured the
Great_Comet_of_1819
COMA COMET
COMA COMET
Girl/Female
Norse American
Fate.
Male
Russian
(Фома) Russian form of Greek ThÅmas, FOMA means "twin."
Girl/Female
German, Greek
Order
Girl/Female
Hindi
Moon.
Female
Hebrew
(רï‹×žÖ¸×”) Hebrew name ROMA means "exalted, lofty."Â
Boy/Male
Indian
Noble
Boy/Male
Hungarian
Horn.
Male
Russian
(Тома) Croatian, Bulgarian and Russian form of Greek ThÅmas (Aramaic Tau'ma), TOMA means "twin." Compare with feminine Toma.
Girl/Female
Scottish American English Greek
Seething pool.
Girl/Female
Greek
Of the universe.
Female
English
Latin form of Greek Kore, CORA means "maiden." In mythology, this is a name borne by Persephone, a goddess of the underworld.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Noble
Female
Russian
(Тома) Pet form of Russian Tamara, TOMA means "palm tree." Compare with masculine Toma.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Moon rays
Surname or Lastname
English (Norfolk)
English (Norfolk) : unexplained.Romanian : unexplained.
Girl/Female
Indian
Born out of sacred fire
Girl/Female
Indian
Goddess Lakshmi
Girl/Female
Greek
Flourish.
Girl/Female
Italian American Latin
From Rome.
Boy/Male
Hebrew Russian
Twin.
COMA COMET
COMA COMET
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for a light-hearted or frivolous person, from Middle English toy ‘play’, ‘sport’ (of uncertain origin), or from an occasional medieval personal name, Toye.French : metonymic occupational name for a sheath maker, from Old French toie ‘sheath’ (Latin theca).
Girl/Female
Muslim
Just, Equitable
Girl/Female
Tamil
Navistha | நாவிஸà¯à®¤à®¾
Youngest
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Romanian
Nice
Boy/Male
Hindu
Female
English
Feminine form of Irish Brian, BREANNA means "high hill."
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Cowherd
Girl/Female
Indian
Bravery, Valor
Boy/Male
Arabic
War Champion; Hero; Conqueror
Girl/Female
Biblical
Praising God, clearness of God.
COMA COMET
COMA COMET
COMA COMET
COMA COMET
COMA COMET
n.
The collector of an electrical machine, usually resembling a comb.
n.
The dried leaf of a South American shrub (Erythroxylon Coca). In med., called Erythroxylon.
n.
A state of profound insensibility from which it is difficult or impossible to rouse a person. See Carus.
v. t.
To comb.
a.
Recently come.
n.
To get to be, as the result of change or progress; -- with a predicate; as, to come untied.
n.
Same as Cyma/recta, under Cyma.
n.
A cyma.
n.
A kind of molding. See Cyma.
v. t.
To disentangle, cleanse, or adjust, with a comb; to lay smooth and straight with, or as with, a comb; as, to comb hair or wool. See under Combing.
n.
A tuft or bunch, -- as the assemblage of branches forming the head of a tree; or a cluster of bracts when empty and terminating the inflorescence of a plant; or a tuft of long hairs on certain seeds.
pl.
of Loma
n.
The envelope of a comet; a nebulous covering, which surrounds the nucleus or body of a comet.
n.
A comma.
v. t.
To carry through; to succeed in; as, you can't come any tricks here.
comp.
Being further up, literally or figuratively; higher in place, position, rank, dignity, or the like; superior; as, the upper lip; the upper side of a thing; the upper house of a legislature.
p. p.
of Come
n.
Coma with complete insensibility; deep lethargy.