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Prehistoric period: Copper Age
The Chalcolithic (/ˈkælkəˌlɪθɪk/ KAL-kə-LI-thik) (also called the Copper Age and Eneolithic) was an archaeological period characterized by the increasing
Chalcolithic
Copper Age in the Eastern Mediterranean
The Levantine Chalcolithic marks an archaeological period spanning around 4500–3500 BCE in the Levant. Technologically, the "chalcolithic" is defined by
Levantine_Chalcolithic
Copper Age (3500 to 1700 BC) in prehistoric Europe
The Chalcolithic (also Eneolithic, Copper Age) period of Prehistoric Europe lasted roughly from 5000 to 2000 BC, developing from the preceding Neolithic
Chalcolithic_Europe
The Beersheba culture is a Late Chalcolithic archaeological culture of the late 5th millennium BC (c. 4200–4000 BC), that was discovered in several sites
Beersheba_culture
Natural mummy of a man
Europe's oldest known natural human mummy, showing an unprecedented view of Chalcolithic (Copper Age) Europeans. Because of the presence of an arrowhead embedded
Ötzi
Period of human history before records
there is also a transition period between Stone Age and Bronze Age, the Chalcolithic or Copper Age. In the early Bronze Age, Sumer in Mesopotamia, the Indus
Prehistory
Archaeological culture of the Southern Levant
The Wadi Rabah culture is a Pottery Neolithic/Early Chalcolithic archaeological culture of the Southern Levant, dating to the middle of the 5th millennium
Wadi_Rabah_culture
Ancient Mesopotamian civilization from 3300 to 1900 BC
of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the 5th and 4th millennium BC. Like nearby
Sumer
Pre-historic burial site in Bulgaria
dated to 4569–4340 BC by radiocarbon dating in 2006 and belong to the Chalcolithic Varna culture, which is the local variant of the KGKVI. There are crouched
Varna_Necropolis
Chalcolithic culture and archaeological stage
a culture and an archaeological stage dating to the Middle and Late Chalcolithic period in the Southern Levant (c. 4400 – c. 3500 BC). Its type-site,
Ghassulian
Public building in modern-day Israel, dating from about 3500 BCE
The Chalcolithic temple of Ein Gedi is a Ghassulian public building dating from around 3500 BCE. It lies on a scarp above the oasis of Ein Gedi, on the
Chalcolithic temple of Ein Gedi
Chalcolithic_temple_of_Ein_Gedi
Archaeological period, last part of the Stone Age (New Stone Age)
the world. It lasted in West Asia until the transitional period of the Chalcolithic (Copper Age) from about 6,500 years ago (4500 BC), marked by the development
Neolithic
Large Chalcolithic village and Early Bronze Age city, Israel
springs, one of which gives the site its name. A 7,000-year-old Early Chalcolithic large village already showing signs of incipient urbanisation and with
'En_Esur
Cave and archaeological site in Armenia
(Armenian: Արենիի քարանձավ) is an ancient multicomponent site, and late Chalcolithic/Early Bronze Age ritual site and settlement, located near the Areni village
Areni-1_cave
City in Keserwan-Jbeil, Lebanon
tools from the stratified Neolithic and Chalcolithic sites in 1962. Remains of humans found in Chalcolithic burials have been published by Henri Victor
Byblos
Village in Maharashtra
the most intensively and extensively excavated and well reconstructed Chalcolithic sites of the Deccan Plateau. The village is located around 89 kilometres
Inamgaon
Archaeological site in Jordan
Tall Al-Magass is an archaeological site dating to the Chalcolithic period that lies north of modern-day Aqaba city in Jordan. Tall Al-Magass and the neighboring
Tall_Al-Magass
Ages: Chalcolithic or Copper Age (c. 3.2 - 1.9 ka BC), Bronze Age (c. 1.9 ka - 750 BC) and Iron Age (c. 750 - 218 BC). The Mesolithic and Chalcolithic are
Prehistoric_Iberia
Archaeological find in Israel
suggests the date at least 3,500 BCE, i.e., it places the hoard into the Chalcolithic period. The objects of the hoard seem to have been collected in a hurry
Nahal_Mishmar_hoard
Archaeological site in the Judaean Desert, Israel
inhabited during different periods, and the earliest activity dates to the Chalcolithic period. The ruins, including a 6th-century synagogue, testify to a continuous
Ein Gedi (archaeological site)
Ein_Gedi_(archaeological_site)
Settlement
remains dating to the Early Chalcolithic (6th millennium BC) and the Early Bronze Age IB (4th millennium BC). The Early Chalcolithic settlement is ascribed
Ein_el-Jarba
Continent
cultural horizon flourished at the transition from the Neolithic to the Chalcolithic. During this period giant megalithic monuments, such as the Megalithic
Europe
Iranian national heritage site
Neolithic through the Late Chalcolithic. The Cheshmeh Ali cultural complex generally defines a Transitional Chalcolithic on the Iranian Central Plateau
Cheshmeh-Ali_(Shahr-e-Rey)
City council in Israel
directors. Additionally, the remains of a large, 7,000-year-old Early Chalcolithic village already showing signs of incipient urbanisation and with an open
Harish,_Israel
Country in West Asia
oldest large-scale representations of humans ever found. During the Chalcolithic period (4500–3600 BC), several villages emerged in Transjordan including
Jordan
European archaeological culture, 2800–1800 BC
scenario in which Chalcolithic-like individuals received a contribution of Steppe-related ancestry, possibly through Late Neolithic/Chalcolithic groups from
Bell_Beaker_culture
Archaeological site in Armenia
archaeologists, the winery dates to approximately 4100–4000 BC during the Late Chalcolithic period, making it at least 1,000 years older than the winery unearthed
Areni-1_winery
Early Agricultural Communities in Bengal were a group of Chalcolithic farmers, who first developed agriculture in Bengal. No archaeological evidence of
Early agricultural communities in Bengal
Early_agricultural_communities_in_Bengal
topics Neolithic Revolution (farming) Animal husbandry Pottery Metallurgy Wheel Circular ditches Henge Megalith Religion Decline ↓ Chalcolithic v t e
List of Neolithic cultures of China
List_of_Neolithic_cultures_of_China
Archaeological site in West Bengal, India
Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It was the first Chalcolithic site discovered in West Bengal. It was excavated by a team led by Paresh
Pandu_Rajar_Dhibi
Later part of the Neolithic period in Southwest Asia
East, following on from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic and preceding the Chalcolithic. It is sometimes further divided into Pottery Neolithic A (PNA) and Pottery
Late_Neolithic
Archaeological site in Turkey
remains of some 6,000 years of human settlement ranging from the Middle Chalcolithic era to the Byzantine period. The mound reaches the height of 32 metres
Çadır_Höyük
Archaeological site in Syria
designated Late Chalcolithic / Northern Uruk period, during which, Tell Brak started to expand. Tell Brak Period E (c. 4200–3900 BC; Late Chalcolithic 2; Northern
Tell_Brak
Home of many cradles of civilization
The Uruk period (c. 4000 to 3100 BC) existed from the protohistoric Chalcolithic to the early Bronze Age period in the history of Mesopotamia, following
Ancient_Near_East
Settlement in Iraq
Mashkan-shapir (Maškan-šāpir) (modern Tell Abu Duwari, Al Qadisyah Governorate, Iraq) was an ancient tell roughly 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Nippur
Mashkan-shapir
Period before the First Dynasty of Egypt
Egyptian culture. The Neolithic and Chalcolithic cultures existed simultaneously in Egypt Neolithic in the north, Chalcolithic in the south hence, the term "Predynastic"
Prehistoric_Egypt
Prehistoric culture in Bulgaria (ca. 4500 BCE)
The Varna culture was a Chalcolithic culture of northeastern Bulgaria, dated c. 4500 BC, contemporary and closely related with the Gumelnița culture. The
Varna_culture
Archaeological site in Paços de Ferreira, Portugal
during the end of the Neolithic (4th millennium BCE) and throughout the Chalcolithic, being abandoned somewhere between the end of the 4th and the beginning
Castro_de_Leceia
Country in Central and Southeast Europe
Croatia, best presented at the Krapina site. Remnants of Neolithic and Chalcolithic cultures were found in all regions. The largest proportion of sites is
Croatia
Archaeological culture
Altheim culture (Altheim group) is a Chalcolithic culture that derives its name from the town of Altheim.[citation needed] It is also a subgroup of Lengyel
Altheim_culture
Archaeological site in Turkey
site dates back to the Chalcolithic period. Arslantepe (VII; LC 3-4): It became important in this region in the Late Chalcolithic. A monumental area with
Arslantepe
Archaeological site in Qazvin province, Iran
modern town of Sagezabad. It is known for its extensive remains from the Chalcolithic, Bronze, Iron, and Achaemenid periods. It is a key part of the Sagzabad
Tepe_Sagzabad
Ceramics from the Levant
Neolithic wares, and decorated forms such as the Yarmukian Pottery. The Chalcolithic and Bronze Age are denoted by the introduction of the Potter's wheel
Levantine_pottery
Polities extant at some time in 5000 BC to 3300 BC
The Chalcolithic or Copper Age is the transitional period between the Neolithic and the Bronze Age. It is taken to begin around the mid-5th millennium
Copper_Age_state_societies
Part of a wheel extending radially from the hub to the rim
establishment of the Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt, from 1650 to 1550 BC. Neo-Chalcolithic/proto-historic period (1800-1200 BCE) paintings in various regions of
Spoke
Peninsula in southwestern Europe
ancestry being replaced by peoples with steppe-related ancestry. In the Chalcolithic (c. 3000 BCE), a series of complex cultures developed that would give
Iberian_Peninsula
30th-century BC sculpture from Cyprus
sculpture found near the Cypriot village of Pomos. It dates back to the Chalcolithic period, circa the 30th century BC. The sculpture is on display in the
Idol_of_Pomos
Historic fortification and archaeological site in Balochistan
paleo-environmental context. These findings are crucial for understanding the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age periods in South Asia, and provide insight on the region's
Sassi_Punnu_Fort
Island country in the Mediterranean Sea
stretch back up to 10,000 years, following the discovery of a series of Chalcolithic period carved figures in the villages of Khoirokoitia and Lempa. The
Cyprus
Traditional tattooing method
Riday, Danny; Burlot, Aurélien; Jacobsen, Maya Sialuk (August 2024). "Chalcolithic Tattooing: Historical and Experimental Evaluation of the Tyrolean Iceman's
Stick_and_poke
This time period is variously called Terminal Ubaid, Ubaid 5, and Late Chalcolithic 1. They were expediently made, unpainted and coarse, with vegetable temper
Coba_bowl
Archaeological site at Änew, Turkmenistan
Central Asia centred in southern Turkmenistan. It started during the Chalcolithic period around 4000 BC, following the Neolithic Jeitun culture. It is
Anau_culture
Ancient city on the Levantine coast known from Ancient, Classical, and Medieval times
v t e Ancient states and regions in the history of the Levant Chalcolithic State societies Kish civilization Tell Halaf Chagar Bazar Hamoukar Jericho Byblos
Ascalon
Archaeological culture in India
The Pandu culture is an archaeological culture from the Chalcolithic period of India, spanning around 1600 BC to 750 BC. The type site is Pandu Rajar Dhibi
Pandu_culture
Chalcolithic occupation site in Spain
Los Millares is a Chalcolithic occupation site 17 km north of Almería, in the municipality of Santa Fe de Mondújar, Andalucía, Spain. The complex was in
Los_Millares
Archaeological site in Jordan
Tall Hujayrat Al-Ghuzlan is an archaeological site during the Chalcolithic period that lies 4 km north of modern-day Aqaba city in Jordan. Tall Hujayrat
Tall_Hujayrat_Al-Ghuzlan
Tell in Pazardzhik Province, Bulgaria
remains of the last Chalcolithic level, and sometimes were even slightly dug into them. However, further south, where the Chalcolithic layers slant downwards
Tell_Yunatsite
Container in which substances are heated
to the types of clay used in other ceramics of the time. During the Chalcolithic period, crucibles were heated from the top by using blowpipes. Ceramic
Crucible
Archaeological site in Azerbaijan
meters in diameter, Janavartepe is a part of the Leylatepe culture of the Chalcolithic period. The southeastern portion of the settlement has sustained damage
Archaeological site of Janavartepe
Archaeological_site_of_Janavartepe
Neolithic site in Portugal
The Castro of Zambujal (Portuguese: Castro do Zambujal) is a Chalcolithic age archeological site in the municipality of Torres Vedras in the western litoral
Castro_of_Zambujal
Large stone used to build a structure or monument
period (although earlier Mesolithic examples are known) through the Chalcolithic period and into the Bronze Age. While "megalith" is often used to describe
Megalith
Country in West Asia
floors, primitive weapons, and burial jars left by the Neolithic and Chalcolithic fishing communities who lived on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea over
Lebanon
Archaeological site in Israel
Jordan Valley, south-east of Beit She'an. Tel Tsaf is dated to the Middle Chalcolithic (ca. 5300/5200–4700/4500 BC) a little-known period in the archaeology
Tel_Tsaf
Symbols that communicate ideas but not language
Proto-writing consists of visible marks communicating limited information. Such systems emerged from earlier traditions of symbol systems in the early
Proto-writing
contrary provides no links to the initiation of or a transition to the Chalcolithic or Copper Age. The process of smelting bronze is an imported technology
Prehistoric_Europe
Archaeological site in Jordan
'small tells') containing the remains of a number of Neolithic and Chalcolithic villages in Jordan. It is the type-site of the Ghassulian culture, which
Teleilat_el-Ghassul
Prehistoric period of Mesopotamia
period and the Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period, and succeeded by the Late Chalcolithic period. The excavators of Eridu and Tell al-'Ubaid found Ubaid pottery
Ubaid_period
Archaeological site in Iran
spelled in English as Turang Tappe/Tape/Tappa/Tappeh) is a Neolithic and Chalcolithic archaeological site in northeastern Iran, in the Gorgan plain, approximately
Tureng_Tepe
Neolithic sites in Jersey
the periods roughly designated as Neolithic, or “new Stone Age”, to Chalcolithic, or Copper Age. By the time the dolmens came to be built, people were
Jersey_dolmens
Castro in Azambuja, Portugal
The Castro of Vila Nova de São Pedro is a Chalcolithic archaeological site in the civil parish of Vila Nova de São Pedro, municipality of Azambuja, in
Castro of Vila Nova de São Pedro
Castro_of_Vila_Nova_de_São_Pedro
Era of pre-history prior to copper & bronze ages in each region
Europe, notably the Balkans, the period after c. 5000 BC is known as the Chalcolithic (Copper Age) due to the invention of copper smelting and the prevalence
Neolithic_Europe
Millennium between 3000 BC to 2001 BC
Fourth Dynasty of Egypt, reign of Sneferu. c. 2600 BC: Founding of the Chalcolithic Iberian civilizations of Los Millares and Zambujal. 2600 BC: Unified
3rd_millennium_BC
Region in the ancient Near East
societies slowly giving way to farming and herding societies 4500–3500 BC (Chalcolithic): early metal-working and farming 3500–2000 BC (Early Bronze): prior
Canaan
Southeastern European Neolithic archaeological culture
Vinča culture has not been conventionally considered to be part of the Chalcolithic or "Copper Age", it featured the earliest known example of copper smelting
Vinča_culture
One hundred years, from 4000 BC to 3901 BC
During the 40th century BC, the Eastern Mediterranean region was in the Chalcolithic period (Copper Age), transitional between the Stone and the Bronze Ages
40th_century_BC
Archaeological mound in Turkey
mound, in Elazığ Province (Turkey). The site was occupied between the Chalcolithic and Iron Age and is now partially submerged by Lake Keban. It was excavated
Norşuntepe
Europe – Era of pre-history prior to copper & bronze ages in each region Chalcolithic Europe – Copper Age (3500 to 1700 BC) in prehistoric Europe superimposed
Settlements of the Cucuteni–Trypillia culture
Settlements_of_the_Cucuteni–Trypillia_culture
analyzed human remains from Chalcolithic Amuq valley as well as Bronze Age cities of Ebla and Alalakh in the Levant. The Chalcolithic inhabitants of Tell Kurdu
Genetic history of the Middle East
Genetic_history_of_the_Middle_East
Chalcolithic and Roman site in Portugal
about one hectare and was first occupied in about 2900 BCE, during the Chalcolithic or Copper Age. It is registered as a Zona Especial de Protecção (a Special
Castro_of_Chibanes
Archaeological site in Iran
Sofalin means pottery shards in Persian. It was occupied from the Late Chalcolithic period until the Early Bronze period, during the Proto-Elamite Period
Tepe_Sofalin
Ancient Levantine city
v t e Ancient states and regions in the history of the Levant Chalcolithic State societies Kish civilization Tell Halaf Chagar Bazar Hamoukar Jericho Byblos
Ashdod_(ancient_city)
Egyptian skeleton
the addition of a smaller direct contribution from populations of the Chalcolithic Levant. Ancestry modelling of ancient East African genomes with qpAdm
Old Kingdom Individual (NUE001)
Old_Kingdom_Individual_(NUE001)
Metropolitan city in Madhya Pradesh, India
(around 26 km from Ujjain) have revealed Chalcolithic agricultural settlements dating to around 2000 BCE. Chalcolithic sites have also been discovered at other
Ujjain
Millennium between 5000 BC and 4000 BC
destruction of Sesklo c. 4400 BC. The Final Neolithic period arrives with the Chalcolithic period and increased cultural connection alongside trade routes to Anatolia
5th_millennium_BC
Archaeological site in Turkey
resulting from long-term human settlement) of a very large Neolithic and Chalcolithic proto-city settlement in southern Anatolia, which existed from approximately
Çatalhöyük
Religion before written records
Stonehenge. A particularly notable feature of late-Neolithic through Chalcolithic religion is Proto-Indo-European mythology, the religion of the Proto-Indo-Europeans
Prehistoric_religion
Archaeological site in Turkey
millennium-beginning of 3rd millennium BCE) Chalcolithic Age (Ubaid period, second half of 5th millennium BCE.) The Chalcolithic Değirmentepe level of Ubaid-4 of
Değirmentepe
Predynastic Egyptian king with disputed existence
whose historicity is disputed. He is considered a ruler of the late Chalcolithic Naqada III culture of southern Egypt. If "Taurus" or "Bull" actually
Taurus_(ruler)
City in Aqaba Governorate, Jordan
mines made it a regional hub for copper production and trade in the Chalcolithic period. Aela became a bishopric under Byzantine rule and later became
Aqaba
Historical period (c. 3300–1200 BCE)
Stone") period, with a transition period between the two known as the Chalcolithic ("copper-Stone") Age. These technical developments took place at different
Bronze_Age
Archaeological site in Iran
seals with a few by stamp seals. Associated pottery was from the Late Chalcolithic, Iron Age III, and Parthian periods and Uruk period bevelled rim bowl
Tapeh_Tyalineh
Cave in the Judaean Desert in Israel
shallow pit grave with the help of CT (CAT) scan. The burial dates to the Chalcolithic period. The child had been buried in a fetal position and covered with
Cave_of_Horrors
Chalcolithic European archaeological culture
The Battle Axe culture, also called Boat Axe culture, is a Chalcolithic culture that flourished in the coastal areas of the south of the Scandinavian Peninsula
Battle_Axe_culture
Archeological age, 3200–600 BC
already been produced in southeastern Europe on a small scale in the Chalcolithic era, with examples from Pločnik in Serbia dated to c. 4650 BC, as well
Bronze_Age_Europe
Historic site in Israel
buried there. The site features underground construction, maybe from the Chalcolithic period, and the remains of a Byzantine settlement. During the Mandatory
Khirbet_Abu_Samara
Cradle of civilization in North Africa
(October 1964). "Most Ancient Egypt: Chapter III. The Neolithic and Chalcolithic Communities of Northern Egypt". Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 23 (4):
Ancient_Egypt
conventionally divided into the Paleolithic, Epipaleolithic, Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age and Iron Age periods. It spans the time from the first settlement
Prehistory_of_Iran
Ancient Israelite city mentioned in the Bible
Abram's altar. Human settlement at the site of Beitin dates back to the Chalcolithic period. Archaeological excavations in 1950 uncovered flint tools, pottery
Bethel
One hundred years, from 3500 BC to 3401 BC
35th century BC in the Near East sees the gradual transition from the Chalcolithic to the Early Bronze Age. Proto-writing enters transitional stage, developing
35th_century_BC
Early Transylvania
divisions of the Neolithic are: Early Neolithic, Developed Neolithic, and Chalcolithic (Copper Age). The Neolithic epoch on the territory of Romania, as certified
Prehistory_of_Transylvania
CHALCOLITHIC
CHALCOLITHIC
CHALCOLITHIC
CHALCOLITHIC
Girl/Female
Muslim
The rulers daughter
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
River in janna (paradise)
Girl/Female
English
and Kayla, meaning: keeper of the keys; pure.
Boy/Male
English
Lives in Wolfe's cottage.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Owing to God
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Linda, LYNDA means "serpent."
Girl/Female
Christian, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
Small Earth
Biblical
workmanship; a wood
Girl/Female
Australian, Greek, Latin
Dark Blue Color
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
My Mind
CHALCOLITHIC
CHALCOLITHIC
CHALCOLITHIC
CHALCOLITHIC
CHALCOLITHIC