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Component of a steam locomotive's exhaust system
The blastpipe is part of the exhaust system of a steam locomotive that discharges exhaust steam from the cylinders into the smokebox beneath the chimney
Blastpipe
Steam locomotive by Robert Stephenson in 1829
fire. Credit for the invention of the blastpipe is disputed, though Stephenson used it as early as 1814. The blastpipe worked well on the multi-tube boiler
Stephenson's_Rocket
Part of a steam locomotive
through the blastpipe, which is located within the smokebox. The steam is ejected through the chimney, again drawing the fire. The blastpipe is what produces
Smokebox
to increase the draught through the fire. It usually consists of the blastpipe (or first stage nozzle), smokebox, and chimney, although later designs
Steam locomotive exhaust system
Steam_locomotive_exhaust_system
Part of a steam locomotive through which smoke leaves the boiler
contracted nozzle called a blastpipe, so as to achieve the desired velocity through the chimney. Pressure drop through the blastpipe nozzle was subtracted
Chimney_(locomotive)
Part on steam locomotives
where the conventional single opening is duplicated, together with the blastpipe beneath it. Although the internal openings form two circles, the outside
Double_chimney
Steam locomotive exhaust system
suction draught and a correspondingly better use of energy. The existing blastpipe in a locomotive is replaced by several, small, fan-shaped, diverging blast
Giesl_ejector
Class of 251 two-cylinder 2-10-0 locomotives
deliver any noticeable benefit was the fitting of 92178 with a double blastpipe and chimney during its construction. Following delivery in September 1957
BR_Standard_Class_9F
Preserved British steam locomotive
design. This included a new, state-of-the-art double Kylchap chimney and blastpipe, allowing the smoke to be distributed more freely. However, the problem
LNER_Class_A4_4468_Mallard
Class of 30 three-cylinder 4-6-2 locomotives
attached to the frames. The smokebox housed the five-nozzle Lemaître blastpipe arranged in a circle within a large-diameter chimney. Bulleid designed
SR_Merchant_Navy_class
They may also be shaped into hoppers, for easy cleaning during disposal. Blastpipe Part of the exhaust system that discharges exhaust steam from the cylinders
Glossary_of_boiler_terms
English surgeon, chemist, and architect (1793–1875)
road vehicles; and laid claim—still discussed and disputed today—to the blastpipe, a key component in the success of steam locomotives, engines, and other
Goldsworthy_Gurney
British steam locomotive engineer (1786-1850)
correctly aligned steam blastpipe. Hackworth is usually acknowledged as the inventor of this concept. From 1830 onwards the blastpipe was employed by the
Timothy_Hackworth
0-6-0 steam tender locomotive of the Great Eastern Railway
superheated type. At first Macallan blastpipes were fitted, but later the Stone's variable blastpipe was substituted. Plain blastpipes were substituted between 1924
GER_Class_G58
Railway locomotive that produces its pulling power through a steam engine
chimney, by way of a nozzle called a blastpipe, creating the familiar "chuffing" sound of the steam locomotive. The blastpipe is placed at a strategic point
Steam_locomotive
Class of 110 three-cylinder 4-6-2 locomotives
attached to the frames. The smokebox housed the five-nozzle Lemaître blastpipe arranged in a circle within a large-diameter chimney. As with the Merchant
SR West Country and Battle of Britain classes
SR_West_Country_and_Battle_of_Britain_classes
One-off three-cylinder 4-6-2 locomotive
representative of the British Caprotti company, recommended the use of the Kylchap blastpipe, which could have coped with the fierce exhaust blasts experienced with
BR_Standard_Class_8
Class of 74 two-cylinder 4-6-0 locomotives
on No. 737 using the King Arthur chimney design and reduced-diameter blastpipes. This proved successful, and all "Urie N15s" were modified over the period
LSWR_N15_class
Preserved LNER Class A4 locomotive
1942. Sir Nigel Gresley gained its double chimney and Kylchap double blastpipe on 13 December 1957. 60007 also gained AWS equipment on 27 September 1950
LNER Class A4 4498 Sir Nigel Gresley
LNER_Class_A4_4498_Sir_Nigel_Gresley
Type of pump using high pressure fluid to entrain a lower pressure fluid
formal development as the injector, in the form of the arrangement of the blastpipe and chimney in the locomotive smokebox. The sketch on the right shows
Injector
Class of British 0-6-0 steam locomotives
exist. At first Macallan blastpipes were fitted, but later the Stone's variable blastpipe was substituted. Plain blastpipes were substituted between 1924
GER_Class_F48
Early steam locomotive (built 1825)
diameter, which were half embedded within the boiler. The boiler had a blastpipe in the chimney. The single-flue boiler had a lower heating surface-to-water
Locomotion_No._1
Class of thirty 4-6-0 locomotives
and draught on the fire, with the blastpipe being too large in relation to the size of the chimney. The blastpipe's area was reduced by a quarter, while
GWR_7800_Class
Topics referred to by the same term
United States Navy A device to increase the draught of a locomotive, see blastpipe Blowers, a surname This disambiguation page lists articles associated
Blower
passenger accommodation, as opposed to one, increasing passenger capacity. Blastpipe A part of a steam locomotive that discharges exhaust steam from the cylinders
Glossary of rail transport terms
Glossary_of_rail_transport_terms
Class of two-cylinder 4-6-2 locomotives
some modifications were carried out, most notably to the diameter of the blastpipe, resulting in better steaming and increased power. Initially, the return
BR_Standard_Class_6
superheater elements 1+1⁄4 in (32 mm) diameter. The single blastpipe was replaced with a double blastpipe and chimney to provide adequate gas velocity in the
LMS 2 and 2A boilered 4-6-0 locomotives
LMS_2_and_2A_boilered_4-6-0_locomotives
Class of 6 three-cylinder 2-8-2 locomotives
and a double-chimney Kylchap exhaust, each chimney using four nozzle blastpipes. The chimney system was designed to take different fittings to allow experimentation
LNER_Class_P2
One of the 35 built of the A4 steam engine class
September – 14 November 1941. Its double chimney with a Kylchap double blastpipe was fitted on 6 September 1957. AWS (Automatic Warning System) was fitted
LNER_Class_A4_4464_Bittern
Class of 38 British 4-6-2 locomotives
indicated that the locomotive's power was compromised by its single blastpipe, a double blastpipe and chimney were installed. On 26 February 1939, a retest was
LMS_Coronation_Class
Heritage railway in Norfolk, England
38. "A new name for the Society". Blastpipe (31): 4. Autumn 1990. "Notes and News: We are officially open". Blastpipe (35): 4. Autumn 1991. Hardy, Sarah
Mid-Norfolk_Railway
Scrapped British steam locomotive
number of A4 Pacifics built with a double chimney and double Kylchap blastpipe. The first locomotive to have this was 4468 "Mallard". Lord Faringdon
LNER Class A4 60034 Lord Faringdon
LNER_Class_A4_60034_Lord_Faringdon
Locomotive using a steam turbine
As the final exhaust was at negligible pressure, the original smokebox blastpipe had to be replaced by an electric draught fan in the smokebox. Performance
Steam_turbine_locomotive
Class of 50 two-cylinder 2-6-0 locomotives
by the powdered coal coming into contact with sparks thrown from the blastpipe. The experiment also proved that pulverised coal was a false economy,
SR_U_class
Preserved British steam locomotive
shorter chimney however adversely affected the draughting. A new design of blastpipe with four nozzles was designed and fitted to the engine which after early
GWR 6000 Class 6023 King Edward II
GWR_6000_Class_6023_King_Edward_II
Scrapped British steam locomotive
A4 Pacifics initially built with a double chimney and double Kylchap blastpipe, the rest of the class acquiring it in the late 1950s. 4902 Seagull was
LNER_Class_A4_4902_Seagull
Glossary of the main components of a typical steam locomotive
and flames from entering the cab through the firebox door – when the blastpipe is insufficiently effective, for example when a locomotive is stationary
Steam_locomotive_components
Finnish engineer and inventor
as the 'Kylala spreader' involved the insertion of four nozzles in the blastpipe of steam locomotives. The system was originally devised to reduce spark-throwing
Kyösti_Kylälä
Class of 15 British 4-6-2 locomotives
Exchanges. No. 60539 Bronzino emerged in August 1948 with Kylchap double blastpipe and chimney in place of the self-cleaning apparatus as an experiment,
LNER_Peppercorn_Class_A2
Preserved British steam locomotive
Dominion of Canada when the chimney was replaced with a Kylchap double blastpipe and chimney on 27 December 1957. The stainless steel strip was removed
LNER Class A4 4489 Dominion of Canada
LNER_Class_A4_4489_Dominion_of_Canada
Nord. The Lemaître exhaust (échappement Lemaître) – which featured a blastpipe with five nozzles in a circular pattern exhausting up a large-diameter
Maurice Lemaître (mechanical engineer)
Maurice_Lemaître_(mechanical_engineer)
British steam locomotive class (1889–1962)
combination vacuum ejectors instead of pumps, utilising exhaust steam from the blastpipe. Combination ejectors were already in use on L&YR passenger locomotives;
L&YR_Class_27
Steam locomotive exhaust system
exhaust consists of four stacked nozzles, the first exhaust nozzle (UK: blastpipe) blowing exhaust steam only and known as the primary nozzle, with a Chapelon
Kylchap
Class of British steam locomotives
degree of superheating often left them short of steam. Changes to the blastpipe and chimney dimensions helped to transform them. On 29 April 1935 no.
LMS_Jubilee_Class
wheel Train wheel Wheelset Exhaust system types Giesl Kylchap Kylpor Lemaître Lempor Lemprex Common exhaust system elements Blastpipe Smokebox Chimney
Gab_valve_gear
Preserved British steam locomotive
life of steam locomotives. Changes made included installing a double blastpipe and exhaust system which brought a 30 percent increase in the boiler's
LMS Jubilee Class 5596 Bahamas
LMS_Jubilee_Class_5596_Bahamas
Class of GWR steam locomotive
several other members of the class. In 1923 No. 2933 was given an altered blastpipe and in 1927 No. 2947 was fitted with cylinder by-pass valves. In 1931
GWR_2900_Class
Development of the GWR Hall Class
smokebox saddle. The exhaust pipes leading from the cylinders to the blastpipe were incorporated into this assembly. Additionally, Churchward's bar framed
GWR_6959_Class
Class of 16 four-cylinder 4-6-0 locomotives
the class and attempted to address it by the fitting of twin Kylchap blastpipes to No. 860 in 1934. However, the problem was ultimately solved by Oliver
SR_Lord_Nelson_class
4-6-2 locomotive built 1948
to them such as the fitting of a multiple valve regulator and a double blastpipe and chimney, together with Kylchap cowls and the removal of the self-cleaning
LNER Peppercorn Class A2 60532 Blue Peter
LNER_Peppercorn_Class_A2_60532_Blue_Peter
Early British locomotive
strange rolling gait due to its vertical cylinders and the draft from the blastpipe was, in Hackworth's trademark style, very strong, so most of the coke
Sans_Pareil
" fotopic.net. Retrieved 26 April 2010.[dead link] "Notes and News". Blastpipe (119): 2. Summer 2013. "BR 56301". The Railway Heritage Register Carriage
Rolling stock of the Mid-Norfolk Railway
Rolling_stock_of_the_Mid-Norfolk_Railway
British class of steam locomotives
rather than copper fireboxes on certain engines, and the fitting of double blastpipes and chimneys in some instances. 44738-57 were built with Caprotti valve
LMS_Stanier_Class_5_4-6-0
British steam locomotive class (1935–1962)
dome. Both types of boilers were later modified to carry Adams ‘Vortex’ blastpipe to improve steaming. These locomotives could always be identified by the
LMS_Stanier_2-6-2T
Class of British steam locomotives
class. They were reboilered between 1889 and 1912. The Macallan variable blastpipe was removed from 1924. They ran as 2-4-0Ts on the Fenchurch Street to
GER_Class_E22
low-pressure cylinder escapes through the center part of the valve to the blastpipe. The high- and low-pressure cylinders were mounted in vertical line with
Vauclain_compound
Type of boiler used to make steam
boiler, although it is best known for its pioneering use of a deliberate blastpipe to encourage draught on the fire. His lighter weight 0-4-0 version for
Flued_boiler
French engineer and inventor
mechanically-driven fans to provide draught on the fire, rather than Stephenson's blastpipe. This boiler resembled the later Scotch marine boiler in some aspects
Marc_Seguin
English railway locomotive and transatlantic cable engineer
they were the basis of the GWR Star Class. He and Brunel improved the blastpipe arrangement of the North Star to improve its fuel efficiency. Eventually
Daniel_Gooch
Class of mixed traffic steam engines
were experimentally fitted with an early version of the Kylala variable blastpipe. One locomotive appeared to perform better as a result and the other worse
LB&SCR_K_class
Preserved LNER Class A4 locomotive
equipment was fitted on 23 June 1950. A double chimney and Kylchap double blastpipe was installed to help performance, during an overhaul 20 August 1958.
LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower
LNER_Class_A4_4496_Dwight_D_Eisenhower
English railway engineer (1889–1951)
expresses. After post-war frame alignment and fitting of double Kylchap blastpipes, the A4s became once more the standard-bearer of the East Coast Main Line
Arthur_Peppercorn
Class of 55 two-cylinder 4-6-2 locomotives
locomotive, but was chosen because the exhaust dimensions including the blastpipe were designed using work done at the Rugby test plant and by S.O. Ell
BR_Standard_Class_7
Class of Australian locomotives
needed] Drawings from March 1926 describe the alteration as including the blastpipe lowered to 11.5 in (29 cm) above the base of the smokebox, with a 3.25 in
Victorian_Railways_NA_class
Steam engine for use on rail tracks
enlarged again and was fitted unusually with two chimneys, one for the blastpipe of each engine. The gear ratio of the final drive depended on the market
Steam_motor
Railway station in Norfolk, England
Steam Railway (167): 38. Blastpipe. No. 30. Summer 1990. p. 2. {{cite magazine}}: Missing or empty |title= (help) Blastpipe. No. 30. Summer 1990. p. 4
County_School_railway_station
only modification he had made to the design was the fitting of a Kylchap blastpipe, thus enhancing smoke ejection. (The Kylchap was named so due to the names
Nord_3.1201_to_3.1290
UK railway company
diesel and LMS brake van. Hull, John (Autumn 1992). "How it all began". Blastpipe (38): 12. Chris, Leigh (March 1994). "Back to School with the GER". Steam
Fakenham and Dereham Railway Society
Fakenham_and_Dereham_Railway_Society
1981 design of steam locomotive
of in tandem like on the earlier Wardale locomotives. Apart from the blastpipe and chimneys, no other modifications were incorporated. The modified no
South_African_Class_26_4-8-4
Locomotive wheel arrangement
the smokebox also permitted shorter steampipes and exhaust pipes to the blastpipe, giving better efficiency. Northumbrians were the last, and only, production
0-2-2
Class of German Mallet locomotives
series: High-pressure cylinder extended from 520 mm to 600 mm diameter Blastpipe set lower and diameter increased Chimney widened and shortened a little
Bavarian_Gt_2×4/4
Railway station in Norfolk, England
Johnston, Howard (2002). "Regional News". Rail (438). EMAP Active Ltd: 22. 'Blastpipe' No. 77, Winter 2002/3, page 30 Jenkins, 1993, page 135 Michael Portillo
Thuxton_railway_station
Anti-vacuum valve in steam locomotives
smokebox because in normal running the exhaust steam is sent through the blastpipe to draw the fire and eject the combustion products from the chimney.)
Snifting_valve
Railroad steam locomotive built in 1829
needed] A prominent external exhaust pipe ahead of the boiler led to a blastpipe within the chimney. The exhaust pipe is visible in many pictures of the
Stourbridge_Lion
Type of boiler
directing exhaust steam from the cylinders into the smokestack through a blastpipe, to provide a partial vacuum. Modern industrial boilers use fans to provide
Fire-tube_boiler
2015. Retrieved 25 August 2015. Mobbs, Paul. "New Class 31 at Dereham". Blastpipe (73: Winter 2001/2): 19–20. "[wnxx] Page Not Found". wnxx.com. Archived
Rolling stock of the Epping Ongar Railway
Rolling_stock_of_the_Epping_Ongar_Railway
Type of locomotive designed to recover exhaust steam
steam is that it is no longer available to draw the fire, by use of the blastpipe. The draught must thus be generated instead by a steam-driven fan. Where
Condensing_steam_locomotive
Hackworth builds highly efficient Royal George with centrally-placed blastpipe in the chimney for Stockton and Darlington Railway. 1829 (1829): Robert
Timeline_of_steam_power
Steam locomotive with a boiler that operates at pressures well above normal
the LP superheater, and then the LP cylinder. The LP exhaust fed the blastpipe in the smokebox. The HP exhaust condensed in the LP boiler heating tubes
High-pressure steam locomotive
High-pressure_steam_locomotive
Steam locomotive exhaust system
the Belgian engineer Maurice Lemaître. The Lemaître exhaust featured a blastpipe with 5 nozzles in a circular pattern exhausting up a large-diameter chimney
Lemaître_exhaust
transfer from the exhaust gases to the water. It was also the first to use a blastpipe[citation needed], where used steam from the cylinders discharges into
History of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830
History_of_rail_transport_in_Great_Britain_to_1830
Railway in Norfolk, England
October 2012. Rackham, Albert (Autumn 2005). "Last steam to Dereham". Blastpipe (88): 18. Tuddenham 1965, p. 87. Railway Magazine, 1968, page 662 "Norfolk
Wymondham_to_Wells_Branch
Austrian locomotive designer and engineer
until 1938, working on the New York Central Railroad testing a Kylala blastpipe. There he got to know his wife, whom he married in 1933 in New York. After
Adolph_Giesl-Gieslingen
Early British steam locomotive
required a stronger blast on it, produced either by bellows, a fan or the blastpipe, or in Stephenson's term, the 'exarsting pipe'. Twin Sisters was designed
Twin_Sisters_(locomotive)
Class of Australian 4-6-4 steam locomotives
changes were made. These included the replacement of the original single blastpipe with dual Lempor ejectors, conversion to oil firing, fitting of power
Victorian_Railways_R_class
British journalist (1928–2005)
November 2005 "Obituary: John Timpson", The Daily Telegraph. London. 21 November 2005. "We are open". Blastpipe (30): 4. Summer 1990. John Timpson at IMDb
John_Timpson
Articulated locomotive with compound steam power
exhaust steam from the low-pressure cylinders to discharge through a blastpipe within the smoke box. Mallet considered that the major advantage of this
Mallet_locomotive
Class of 40 three-cylinder 4-4-0 locomotives
new. Following the successful introduction of the Lemaître multiple jet blastpipes on to the Lord Nelson class, Maunsell's successor Oliver Bulleid began
SR_V_class
Class of 43 Italian cab-forward 4-6-0 locomotives
steam from the cylinders similarly went through articulated ducts to the blastpipe at the rear of the tender, while articulated pipes connected the preheater
FS_Class_670
1953 design of condensing steam locomotive
and exhaust pipe being removed from the smokebox and replaced with a blastpipe and chimney. The tender was stripped of its condensing equipment, but
South_African_Class_25_4-8-4
Class of Australian 2-8-2 steam locomotives
onwards, underwent design modifications to the smokebox draughting and blastpipe dimensions referred to as 'Modified Front End', as well as other improvements
Victorian_Railways_X_class
4-6-2 locomotiives of the Chemins de fer de l'Ouest
the Bissel truck had a lateral displacement of ± 70 mm (2.76 in). The blastpipe was of the type used by the Chemins de fer du Nord witch included an adjustable
Ouest_2901_and_2902
Class of Australian 4-6-0 steam locomotives
end improvement. These tests involved various chimney-choke-point and blastpipe nozzle diameters, ranging from 30.25 in (768 mm) to 23 in (580 mm) and
Victorian_Railways_A2_class
Class of English steam locomotives
of the class, and spared them from trials with Lemaître multiple-jet blastpipes and wide-diameter chimneys. However, he had Maunsell's smokebox-mounted
SECR_N_class
Railway workshops in East London, England
worked in a succession of posts at Stratford. He invented the Macallan blastpipe with an associate Charles Adams, which was patented in 1888 and fitted
Stratford_Works
at each side. An unusual feature is that rather than the usual single blastpipe beneath the chimney, there are 14 of them on each side inside each smokebox
Transverse_boiler
Irish science writer (1793–1859)
experiments on the same locomotive and found that the only problem was that the blastpipe was too small. This was easily rectified, and the North Star's performance
Dionysius_Lardner
Class of South African rack 4-6-4T locomotives
air brake system made use of the following: A valve in the base of the blastpipe isolated the cylinders from the smokebox to prevent the ingress of hot
CSAR_Rack_4-6-4RT
Early experimental locomotive
proportional to the speed of the engine, not to how hard it is working as with a blastpipe. It is assumed that either the blower was worked by hand when the engine
Novelty_(locomotive)
allowed the exhaust steam to be routed either in the normal way into the blastpipe or into the condensation chamber, as required. The facility was not well
KkStB_30
BLASTPIPE
BLASTPIPE
BLASTPIPE
BLASTPIPE
Boy/Male
Anglo, British, English
Name of a Prince
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the medieval personal name Han(n), which is usually a short form of Johan (see John). In some cases, however, it may be from Henry and even Randolph (for the replacement of R- by H- in Germanic names introduced by the Normans, compare Hick).German : from an aphetic form of the personal name Johann (see John).
Male
Italian
Italian and Spanish form of Latin Celsus, CELSO means "upright, stately."
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Divine Counselor
Boy/Male
Hindu
Cot, A mountain
Biblical
the same as Caphtor
Female
English
English variant spelling of French Madeline, MADOLINE means "of Magdala."
Female
Hebrew
(מֵרַב) Variant spelling of Hebrew Merav, MERAB means "increase, multiplication." In the bible, this is the name of the eldest daughter of King Saul.Â
Boy/Male
British, English, German
Wealthy Protector
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Pertinent; Relevant
BLASTPIPE
BLASTPIPE
BLASTPIPE
BLASTPIPE
BLASTPIPE