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Extinct subtribe of the Hominini tribe
The australopithecines (/ɒˈstrəloʊˈpɪθəsiːnz, ˈɔːstreɪloʊ-/), formally Australopithecina or Hominina, are generally any species in the related genera of
Australopithecine
Genus of hominin ancestral to modern humans
Australopithecina, which sometimes also includes Ardipithecus, though the term "australopithecine" is sometimes used to refer only to members of Australopithecus. Species
Australopithecus
Contested extinct genus of hominins
synonymous with Australopithecus. They are also referred to as the robust australopithecines. They lived between approximately 2.9 and at least 1 million years
Paranthropus
Tribe of mammals
source includes chimpanzees. Humans are the only extant species in the Australopithecine branch (subtribe), which also contains many extinct close relatives
Hominini
Evolutionary process
Hominins (including the Australopithecine and Panina subtribes) parted from the Gorillini tribe between 8 and 9 mya; Australopithecine (including the extinct
Human_evolution
Extinct hominid from South Africa
Australopithecus africanus is an extinct species of australopithecine which lived between about 3.3 and 2.1 million years ago in the Late Pliocene to
Australopithecus_africanus
Archaic human species from 2.4 to 1.65 mya
and is based largely on assuming a similar anatomy to the earlier australopithecines. Because of this, it has also been proposed H. habilis be moved to
Homo_habilis
Ancient stone found in South Africa
bones of Australopithecus (later this attribution was widened to australopithecines or other early hominins). The pebble and all its markings are formed
Makapansgat_pebble
Extinct species of hominin of South Africa
Paranthropus robustus is a species of robust australopithecine from the Early and possibly Middle Pleistocene of the Cradle of Humankind, South Africa
Paranthropus_robustus
Oldest-known tool-making hominin
or beyond the range of variation for australopithecines in regard to these features. Multiple australopithecine species may have coexisted by foraging
Kenyanthropus
Extinct species of hominin from 3.5 mya
Australopithecus bahrelghazali is an extinct species of australopithecine discovered in 1995 at Koro Toro, Bahr el Gazel, Chad, existing around 3.5 million
Australopithecus bahrelghazali
Australopithecus_bahrelghazali
American paleoanthropologist
He is best known for discovering the fossil of a female hominin australopithecine known as "Lucy" in the Afar Triangle region of Hadar, Ethiopia. Johanson
Donald_Johanson
Two-million-year-old hominin from the Cradle of Humankind
Australopithecus sediba is an extinct species of australopithecine recovered from Malapa Cave, Cradle of Humankind, South Africa. It is known from a partial
Australopithecus_sediba
Extinct species of hominin of East Africa
Paranthropus boisei is a species of australopithecine from the Early Pleistocene of East Africa about 2.5 to 1.15 million years ago. The holotype specimen
Paranthropus_boisei
Fictional artefacts from Arthur C. Clarke's ''Space Odyssey'' novels
on these), three Monoliths are discovered in the Solar System by australopithecines and their human descendants. The characters' responses to their discoveries
Monolith_(Space_Odyssey)
Hominin fossil
gracile as opposed to robust australopithecine). According to Koenigswald (1973) both robust and gracile australopithecine traits can be found in Sangiran
Meganthropus
Structured system of communication
other manufactured artifacts. It was mostly undisputed that pre-human australopithecines did not have communication systems significantly different from those
Language
Extinct species or subspecies of archaic human
humans and Neanderthals. Several features distinguish H. ergaster from australopithecines as well as earlier and more basal species of Homo, such as H. habilis
Homo_ergaster
Extinct species of hominin of East Africa
Paranthropus aethiopicus is an extinct species of robust australopithecine from the Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene of East Africa about 2.7–2.3 million
Paranthropus_aethiopicus
Human evolution hypothesis
account for the different body plans in Homo as opposed to apes or australopithecines". The hypothesis posits a significant role of endurance running in
Endurance_running_hypothesis
Extinct hominid from the Pliocene of East Africa
Australopithecus afarensis is an extinct species of australopithecine which lived from about 3.9–2.9 million years ago (mya) in the Pliocene of East Africa
Australopithecus_afarensis
Quaternary archaeological site in Kenya
oldest local evidence for hominid activity. Also fossil bones, and the australopithecine partial cranium have been found in the formation. The relationship
Chesowanja
Extinct hominin from Early Pliocene Ethiopia
Ardipithecus ramidus is a species of australopithecine from the Afar region of Early Pliocene Ethiopia 4.4 million years ago (Ma). The species A. ramidus
Ardipithecus_ramidus
Country in the Horn of Africa
Johanson, and is one of the most complete and best-preserved adult Australopithecine fossils ever uncovered. Lucy's taxonomic name refers to the region
Ethiopia
National Historic Site of Tanzania
approximately 1.9 million years ago (mya); then came a contemporary australopithecine, Paranthropus boisei, 1.8 mya, followed by Homo erectus, 1.2 mya.
Olduvai_Gorge
3.2-million-year-old fossilized hominid
paleoanthropologist of the Cleveland Museum of Natural History. Lucy is an early australopithecine and is dated to about 3.2 million years ago. The skeleton presents
Lucy_(hominid)
Earliest known specimen of the genus Homo
and Homo. However, the specimen's anatomy strongly diverges from australopithecines and more closely aligns with Homo: the mental foramina are not located
LD_350-1
Extinct species of archaic human
human fossils into three species of Homo: "H. transvaalensis" (the australopithecines), H. erectus (including "Sinanthropus", "Pithecanthropus", and various
Homo_erectus
Tunisian French geologist and paleoanthropologist (1935–2021)
Johanson to discover an early hominin fossil, the 3.2-million-year-old Australopithecine Lucy in the Awash Valley of Ethiopia's Afar Depression. Taieb was
Maurice_Taieb
Extinct hominid from the Afar Region of Ethiopia 2.6–2.5 million years ago
Australopithecus garhi is a species of australopithecine from the Bouri Formation in the Afar Region of Ethiopia 2.6–2.5 million years ago (mya) during
Australopithecus_garhi
Archaeological site in Gauteng, South Africa
Witwatersrand began concerted excavations. The caves yielded the first adult Australopithecine, substantially strengthening Dart's claim that the skull known as
Sterkfontein
Searching, pursuing, and killing wild animals
the importance of this for the emergence of Homo erectus from its australopithecine ancestors, including the production of stone tools and eventually
Hunting
Proposed extinct species of hominin of Ethiopia from 3.5 to 3.3 mya
Australopithecus deyiremeda is an extinct species of australopithecine from Woranso–Mille, Afar Region, Ethiopia, about 3.5 to 3.3 million years ago during
Australopithecus_deyiremeda
South African doctor and palaeontologist (1866–1951)
complete of which was an australopithecine skull, nicknamed Mrs Ples, and a partial skeleton that indicated that australopithecines walked upright. Broom
Robert_Broom
Species of hominid in the genus Homo
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Human
Ridge of bone along the top of a skull
the earliest known robust hominid ancestor and the oldest robust australopithecine discovered to date. The prominence of the crest appears to have been
Sagittal_crest
Earliest subdivision of the Paleolithic
the beginning Gelasian (Lower Pleistocene), possibly first used by australopithecine forebears of the genus Homo (such as Australopithecus garhi). However
Lower_Paleolithic
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Human_skin_color
Archaic human from Luzon, Philippines
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Homo_luzonensis
Records of Earth's people
et al. 2015a, p. 5, "What most distinguished Homo habilis from the australopithecines was a brain that was nearly 50 percent larger." Scarre 2024, p. 71
Human_history
(písos) pisoid, pisolite pithec- ape, monkey Greek πίθηκος (píthēkos) australopithecine, Australopithecus, caenopithecine plac- plain, plate, tablet Greek
List of Greek and Latin roots in English/P–Z
List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English/P–Z
Archaeological culture
would fall into the pre-human period, associated with the direct australopithecine ancestors of genus Homo. It is not clear whether the tools of such
Oldowan
Hominin fossil
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Florisbad_Skull
Study of human activity based on materials left behind
during the Paleolithic period, when the hominins developed from the australopithecines in Africa and eventually into modern Homo sapiens. Archaeology also
Archaeology
Archaeological culture associated with Homo erectus
palaeoecological setting during the middle Pleistocene, in After the Australopithecines, Butzer, KW and Issac, G Ll. (eds) 745–808. The Hague:Mouton, qtd
Acheulean
Group of apes reported as cryptids
looks of a giant chimpanzee; making them look more like the extinct Australopithecine or Sahelanthropus. According to Williams, "They have a very flat face
Bili_ape
Hominin fossil
that make anthropologists believe that SK 847 is not part of the australopithecine group. SK 847 has a relatively short and narrow face, pronounced brow
SK_847
Extinct species of ape
Ouranopithecus, in turn, is postulated to be closely related to australopithecines and the human line. This would show that apes evolved in Africa. However
Nakalipithecus
Neanderthal fossils
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Neanderthal_1
Second epoch of the Neogene Period
dominated by hoofed animals, and primates continued their evolution, with australopithecines (some of the first hominins) and baboon-like monkeys such as the Dinopithecus
Pliocene
Extinct human species
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Neanderthal
Family of primates
include Gigantopithecus, Orrorin, Ardipithecus, Kenyanthropus, and the australopithecines Australopithecus and Paranthropus. The exact criteria for membership
Hominidae
female chimpanzee brain; it is somewhat smaller than the brain of australopithecines like Lucy (400 to 550 cm3) and slightly over a fifth the size of the
Timeline_of_human_evolution
Genus of hominins
instead. The most salient physiological development between the earlier australopithecine species and Homo is the increase in endocranial volume (ECV), from
Homo
Active continental rift zone in East Africa
humans have been found here, including those of "Lucy", a partial australopithecine skeleton discovered by anthropologist Donald Johanson dating back
East_African_Rift
Decade of the Gregorian calendar (2000–2009)
Discovery of Ardipithecus ramidus' a species of Hominin classified as an australopithecine of the genus Ardipithecus. A. kadabba was considered to be a subspecies
2000s
Old Stone Age ''Homo sapiens''
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Early_modern_human
Extinct species of hyena
Hendey, Q. B. (1974-07-31). "New fossil carnivores from the Swartkrans australopithecine site" Annals of the Transvaal Museum. 29 (3): 35-38. https://hdl.handle
Proteles_amplidentus
Archeological area in Afar Region, Ethiopia
Formation is a sequence of sedimentary deposits that is the source of australopithecine and Homo (that is, hominin) fossils, artifacts, and bones of large
Bouri_Formation
American paleontologist
University. Dissertation Title: "Function, Allometry, and Evolution of the Australopithecine Lower Precaudal Spine." 1995. M.Phil. Department of Anthropology,
William_J._Sanders
several apomorphic features with modern humans, as well as some with australopithecines, including the presence of an obturator externus groove, elongated
Chimpanzee–human last common ancestor
Chimpanzee–human_last_common_ancestor
Separation between human breasts
based on speculations by Morris, that prominent breasts among female Australopithecines helped attract males and cement the pair-bond necessary for further
Cleavage_(breasts)
Prehistoric period, first part of the Stone Age
early Lower Paleolithic (Oldowan) hominin Homo habilis or by robust Australopithecines such as Paranthropus. However, the use of fire only became common
Paleolithic
Australian archaeologist
Palaeolithic. In: Current Anthropology 36(4), 1995, 605–634. The ‘australopithecine’ cobble from Makapansgat, South Africa. South African Archaeological
Robert_G._Bednarik
Hominin fossil
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Denny_(hybrid_hominin)
2001 novel by Stephen Baxter
Runners encounter other species, including a group of violent "Elfs" (Australopithecine), the "Hams" (Neanderthal), as well as an unnamed orangutan-like species
Origin_(Baxter_novel)
Hypothesis on human attraction to alcohol
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Drunken_monkey_hypothesis
Development and arrangement of teeth
developing anthropoid primates such as macaques, chimpanzees, and australopithecines have an eruption sequence of M1 I1 I2 M2 P3 P4 C M3, whereas anatomically
Dentition
German-Israeli paleontologist
his doctoral dissertation, The Morphology and Architecture of the Australopithecine Face, in 1981. Two years later, an edited version of his dissertation
Yoel_Rak
Archeological site in Chad
western well of Yayo. Initially, the specimen was assumed to be an australopithecine, but Coppens would later assign it the temporary name Tchadanthropus
Yaho_(archeological_site)
Link 1988 Lower Paleolithic 1 Mya The struggle of the last of the Australopithecine against the rising Homo. Quest for Fire 1981 Middle Paleolithic 80
List of historical films set in Near Eastern and Western civilization
List_of_historical_films_set_in_Near_Eastern_and_Western_civilization
Proposal that humans evolved certain features due to filling a semi-aquatic niche
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Aquatic_ape_hypothesis
Relationship between language and human evolution
some scholars believe that features of bipedalism developed in the australopithecines around 3.5 million years ago. Around this time, these structural developments
Origin_of_language
Evolution of human tooth and jaw shape
buds or flowers but they were still able to consume meat. Studies of Australopithecine diets through dental microwear showed that they were largely frugivorous
Hominid dental morphology evolution
Hominid_dental_morphology_evolution
Extinct hominin from the Early Pleistocene of East Africa
Australian anthropologist David Cameron concluded that the earlier australopithecine Kenyanthropus platyops was the ancestor of rudolfensis, and reclassified
Homo_rudolfensis
Caves in France containing Paleolithic paintings
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Lascaux
American creationist
quoted in Creationist Arguments: Australopithecines, TalkOrigins Archive Creationist Arguments: Australopithecines, Jim Foley, TalkOrigins Archive Critical
John_D._Morris
Informally described period
the period during which the Northern Hemisphere has been glaciated. Australopithecine, straddle the Plio-Pleistocene Anderson, R.S.; Molnar, P.; Kessler
Plio-Pleistocene
Human hybridization during the Paleolithic
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Interbreeding between archaic and modern humans
Interbreeding_between_archaic_and_modern_humans
Name proposed for an extinct species of hominin from South Africa
species of Homo, arguing that the fossil material all belonged to australopithecines. Others believed that a single species was represented (H. ergaster)
Homo_gautengensis
Marshall family comes to the aid of an injured "missing link" (an Australopithecine) named Cha-Ka. 2 2 "The Sleestak God" Dennis Steinmetz David Gerrold
List of Land of the Lost episodes
List_of_Land_of_the_Lost_episodes
Hominin fossil
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Eve's_footprint
Extinct subspecies of Homo erectus
decided to define only three species of Homo: "H. transvaalensis" (the australopithecines), H. erectus (including Solo Man and several putative African and
Solo_Man
South African archaic human species
ancestors speciated after an interbreeding event between Homo and late australopithecines. Comparison of skull features reveals that H. naledi has the closest
Homo_naledi
Town in Western Cape, South Africa
Southern Africa". In Butzer, Karl W.; Isaac, Glynn L. (eds.). After the Australopithecines: Stratigraphy, Ecology, and Culture Change in the Middle Pleistocene
Stellenbosch
Musical artist
Vocals, guitar, synthesizer Years active 1995–present Labels Rough Trade Hottwerk Records Australopithecine Records Too Pure Website bearcraftmusic.com
Dicky_Moore
Cave with prehistoric paintings in Spain
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Cave_of_Altamira
Postulated early hominin discovered in Kenya
small post-canines and was microdont, like modern humans, whereas australopithecines were megadont. However, some researchers have denied that this is
Orrorin
American paleoanthropologist
small group isolated from australopithecine forebears. "The earliest H. sapiens remains differ significantly from australopithecines in both size and anatomical
Milford_H._Wolpoff
Order of mammals
bipedally for short distances. Although numerous species, such as australopithecines and early hominids, have exhibited fully bipedal locomotion, humans
Primate
Species of archaic human
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Homo_juluensis
Terrestrial locomotion using two limbs
mice, springhare, hopping mice, pangolins and hominin apes such as australopithecines, including humans, as well as many other extinct groups evolving the
Bipedalism
Relative enlargement of pre-molars and molars compared with other teeth
extraoral food processing that was observed in Homo species, but not in Australopithecines. Post canine enlargement has also been significantly positively correlated
Postcanine_megadontia
Protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis, or skin
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Hair
Geological depression caused by the Afar triple junction
afarensis; and Dikika, the site of the fossilized child Selam, an australopithecine hominin. In 1994, near the Awash River in Ethiopia, Tim D. White found
Afar_Triangle
Evolutionary effects of sexual selection on humans
ancestors Chimpanzee–human Gorilla–human Orangutan–human Gibbon–human Australopithecines Nakalipithecus Orrorin Sahelanthropus Kenyanthropus Ardipithecus A
Sexual_selection_in_humans
Regions south of the Sahara
10 million to 5 million years ago. By 3 million years ago several australopithecine hominid species had developed throughout Southern, East, and Central
Sub-Saharan_Africa
Hominin fossil
called Natron mandible, is the fossilized lower jaw and teeth of an australopithecine specimen, likely that of Paranthropus boisei or a similar population
Peninj_Mandible
Obsolete ape taxon
arboreal and knuckle walking locomotion and are not found in humans: The australopithecines show intermediate character states between great apes (formerly pongids)
Pongidae
17 – Paranthropus boisei (originally designated Zinjanthropus), an Australopithecine, is found in the Olduvai Gorge of Tanganyika by Mary and Louis Leakey
1959_in_science
AUSTRALOPITHECINE
AUSTRALOPITHECINE
AUSTRALOPITHECINE
AUSTRALOPITHECINE
Girl/Female
Tamil
The suns daughter, A river
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Intelligent
Male
Egyptian
, child of the moon + support + the sun.
Boy/Male
African, American, Danish, Finnish, French, German, Hindu, Indian, Latin, Swedish
Red; Red Haired; King; Marvellous Achiever
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Continuer
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord Shiva
Male
English
English surname transferred to forename use, from the Old Norman French word norreis, NORRIS means "from the north."
Boy/Male
Sikh
Palace
Female
Hindi/Indian
(विदà¥à¤¯à¤¾) Hindi myth name borne by Saraswati, VIDYA means "knowledge.
Female
Spanish
Short form of Spanish Teresa, TERE means "harvester."Â
AUSTRALOPITHECINE
AUSTRALOPITHECINE
AUSTRALOPITHECINE
AUSTRALOPITHECINE
AUSTRALOPITHECINE