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This is a list of robotic space probes that have flown by, struck, orbited, landed on, or failed to reach the Moon for lunar exploration. The crewed Apollo
List_of_lunar_probes
Voyager 2). See List of lunar probes Major early programs encompassing multiple probes include: Zond program — failed USSR flyby probe Mars probe program —
List_of_Solar_System_probes
This is a list of active space probes which have escaped Earth orbit. It includes lunar space probes, but does not include space probes orbiting at the
List of active Solar System probes
List_of_active_Solar_System_probes
extraterrestrial orbiters List of rovers on extraterrestrial bodies List of artificial objects on the Moon List of lunar probes Moon landing Timeline of Solar System
List_of_missions_to_the_Moon
Unmanned robotic spacecraft
probes are sent beyond Earth orbit toward other celestial bodies or into deep space. The first space probes were developed during the early years of the
Space_probe
program sent 24 astronauts on nine crewed lunar missions. Six of the missions landed two astronauts each on the lunar surface, while Apollo 8 and Apollo 10
List of people who have flown to the Moon
List_of_people_who_have_flown_to_the_Moon
Crash of rocket into the Moon
unintentional lunar impact of a rocket body, after the third stage that delivered Luna 2 in 1959 and the upper stage of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program's
2026_SpaceX_lunar_impact
Lunar research program (2004–present)
as to ensure the probes' capture by lunar gravity. After operating in the Earth-Moon orbit for 4–5 days, each probe entered a lunar acquisition orbit
Chinese Lunar Exploration Program
Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program
Overview of and topical guide to space exploration
spacecraft List of crewed spacecraft List of Solar System probes List of active Solar System probes List of proposed Solar System probes List of lunar probes List
Outline_of_space_exploration
NASA robotic spacecraft orbiting the moon
has media related to Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. Wikinews has related news: NASA launches two space probes to the Moon Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter
Lunar_Reconnaissance_Orbiter
timeline of artificial satellites and space probes includes uncrewed spacecraft including technology demonstrators, observatories, lunar probes, and interplanetary
Timeline of artificial satellites and space probes
Timeline_of_artificial_satellites_and_space_probes
Japanese lunar orbiter spacecraft
Kaguya (かぐや), was the second Japanese lunar orbiter spacecraft following the Hiten probe. Produced by the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS)
SELENE
Third crewed Moon landing
lunar highlands. It was the last of the "H missions", landings at specific sites of scientific interest on the Moon for two-day stays with two lunar extravehicular
Apollo_14
plaques attached to the ladders of the six Apollo Lunar Modules, the silver astronaut pin left by Alan Bean in honor of Clifton C. Williams whom he replaced
List of artificial objects on the Moon
List_of_artificial_objects_on_the_Moon
Series of Soviet robotic space probes launched between 1964 and 1970
Earth, Zond 6 carried a biological payload of turtles, flies, and bacteria. It also carried scientific probes including cosmic ray, micrometeoroid detectors
Zond_program
Planned international lunar base
The International Lunar Research Station (ILRS) (Chinese: 国际月球科研站, Russian: Международная научная лунная станция) is a planned lunar base led by Roscosmos
International Lunar Research Station
International_Lunar_Research_Station
Missions to the Moon
astronauts List of lunar probes List of missions to the Moon Lunar resources Moon landing Timeline of Solar System exploration Starship HLS "Lunar Sample
Exploration_of_the_Moon
Astronauts from NASA's Apollo program
As part of the Apollo program by NASA, 24 astronauts flew nine lunar missions between December 1968 and December 1972. During six successful two-man landing
List_of_Apollo_astronauts
Indian lunar sample-return mission
is an upcoming lunar sample return mission of ISRO underdevelopment now and the fourth iteration in its Chandrayaan programme. As of January 2025, the
Chandrayaan-4
Vehicle driven by astronauts on the Moon (1971–72)
The Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV) is a battery-powered four-wheeled rover used on the Moon in the last three missions of the American Apollo program (15
Lunar_Roving_Vehicle
Second crewed mission to orbit the Moon
and Gene Cernan flew the Apollo Lunar Module (LM) to within 14.4 kilometers (7.8 nautical miles; 9 miles) of the lunar surface, the point at which powered
Apollo_10
NASA crewed Moon landing spacecraft (1969–1972)
surface. On touchdown, the probes would be bent as much as 180 degrees, or even break off. The original design used the probes on all four legs, but starting
Apollo_Lunar_Module
Chinese lunar rover
(Chinese: 玉兔; pinyin: Yùtù; lit. 'Jade Rabbit') was a robotic lunar rover that formed part of the Chinese Chang'e 3 mission to the Moon. It was launched
Yutu_(rover)
European Space Agency lunar lander
class of lunar landers designed by the European Space Agency (ESA) in partnership with Thales Alenia Space to deliver payloads to the surface of the Moon
Argonaut_(lunar_lander)
Second crewed Moon landing
Lunar Module (LM) would fly to reach them, their suitability confirmed by photographs from Lunar Orbiter probes. Also desirable was the presence of another
Apollo_12
NASA probe of the Sun's outer corona
Parker Solar Probe (PSP; previously Solar Probe, Solar Probe Plus or Solar Probe+) is a NASA space probe launched in 2018 to make observations of the Sun's
Parker_Solar_Probe
This is a list of designs for crewed lunar landers, spacecraft intended to land on the Moon. A key aspect is achieving a soft landing, and for an ascent
List_of_crewed_lunar_landers
Robotic spacecraft missions to the Moon by the Soviet Union (1958–1976)
portal Spaceflight portal Luna (rocket) Luna-Glob List of missions to the Moon Soviet crewed lunar programs Soviet space program Surveyor program Pioneer
Luna_programme
Planned South Korean lunar lander
second phase of the Korean Lunar Exploration Program, and is currently under development with a launch target of 2032, following the lunar orbiter Danuri
Korea_Lunar_Lander_and_Rover
2026 lunar landing mission
the Lunar Pathfinder satellite into lunar orbit. The lander will then carry science experiments and technology demonstration payloads to the lunar surface
Blue_Ghost_Mission_2
day. Lunar orbit Circumlunar trajectory List of minor planets and comets visited by spacecraft List of landings on extraterrestrial bodies List of interplanetary
List of extraterrestrial orbiters
List_of_extraterrestrial_orbiters
Series of United States uncrewed lunar and planetary space probes (1958-60; 1965-92)
The Pioneer programs were two series of United States lunar and planetary space probes. The first program, which ran from 1958 to 1960, unsuccessfully
Pioneer_program
NASA space probe launched in 1977
11 of the Mariner program. Due to budget cuts, the mission was reduced to a flyby of Jupiter and Saturn and renamed the Mariner Jupiter-Saturn probes. The
Voyager_1
NASA-led lunar exploration program
building a permanent lunar base. It was formally established via Space Policy Directive-1 in 2017 by President Donald Trump. As of 2026, it has flown two
Artemis_program
Planned spaceflight mission
mission. Spaceflight portal List of Artemis missions List of missions to the Moon Apollo 11, the first lunar landing of the Apollo program New Space
Artemis_IV
2025 lunar landing mission
characterization experiment, a lunar retroreflector for precision distance measurements, a radiation-tolerant computer, thermal exploration probes, and more. All 10
Blue_Ghost_Mission_1
Spacecraft intended to land on the surface of the Moon
A lunar lander or Moon lander is a spacecraft designed to land on the surface of the Moon. As of 2024, the Apollo Lunar Module is the only lunar lander
Lunar_lander
NASA spacecraft (2006–present)
New Horizons is an interplanetary space probe launched as a part of NASA's New Frontiers program. Launched in 2006, it became the first spacecraft to
New_Horizons
Upcoming crewed mission of the Artemis program
mission of the NASA-led Artemis program. Planned for 2027, the mission is designed as a demonstration flight in low Earth orbit rather than a lunar landing
Artemis_III
Aborted Moon landing mission in the Apollo program
Haise as Lunar Module (LM) pilot. Swigert was a late replacement for Ken Mattingly, who was grounded after exposure to rubella. A routine stir of an oxygen
Apollo_13
Programs by the Soviet Union to land humans on the Moon
The Soviet crewed lunar programs were a series of programs pursued by the Soviet Union to land humans on the Moon, in competition with the United States
Soviet_crewed_lunar_programs
Settlement on the Moon
claims, despite having a range of probes and artificial remains on the Moon. While a range of proposals for missions of lunar colonization, exploitation or
Colonization_of_the_Moon
Chinese lunar orbiter (2007–2009)
resolution 3-D map of the lunar surface. Chang'e 1 was the first lunar probe to conduct passive, multi-channel, microwave remote sensing of the Moon by using
Chang'e_1
Final Soviet sample-return mission to the Moon, 1976
return lunar soil samples from the Moon (the first two sample return missions were Luna 16 and Luna 20). The probe landed in Mare Crisium (Sea of Crises)
Luna_24
Lunar exploration mission by India and Japan
The Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (LUPEX) (also called Chandrayaan-5) is a planned joint lunar mission by ISRO and JAXA. The mission would send an uncrewed
Lunar Polar Exploration Mission
Lunar_Polar_Exploration_Mission
Planned Chinese lunar exploration mission
mini-hopping probe, and a rover, and will launch on a Long March 5 rocket. The Chinese Lunar Exploration Program was designed to be conducted in four phases of incremental
Chang'e_7
First NASA mission to orbit Jupiter (1989–2003)
Jupiter orbiters and atmospheric probes. It noted that the technology to build a heat shield for an atmospheric probe did not yet exist, and facilities
Galileo_(spacecraft)
American uncrewed lunar space missions in the 1960s
deep-space probes to Venus. Ranger 3, launched 26 January 1962, lunar probe, spacecraft failed, missed Moon Ranger 4, launched 23 April 1962, lunar probe, spacecraft
Ranger_program
2024 lunar landing mission
power and shut down with the start of the lunar night, and could not be reactivated at the start of the next lunar day. IM stated Nova-C is the first
IM-1
Planned Chinese lunar exploration mission
mission by China to explore the lunar south pole and to establish the technical predicate for the future International Lunar Research Station (ILRS). The
Chang'e_8
Proposed 2018 ESA Moon mission
Human Spaceflight and Operations directorate. The primary objective of the Lunar Lander mission was to demonstrate Europe's ability to deliver payload
Lunar_Lander_(spacecraft)
Lunar lander family for the Artemis program
Blue Moon is a family of lunar landers and their associated infrastructure, intended to carry humans and cargo to the Moon, under development by a consortium
Blue_Moon_(spacecraft)
1961–1972 American crewed lunar exploration program
landed their Apollo Lunar Module (LM) on July 20, 1969, and walked on the lunar surface, while Michael Collins remained in lunar orbit in the command
Apollo_program
European communication satellite for the Moon
deliver Lunar Pathfinder to lunar orbit via the Blue Ghost vehicle. List of European Space Agency programmes and missions "Lunar Pathfinder for lunar connection"
Lunar_Pathfinder
Mission to Saturn (1997–2017)
and probe was at the time the third-largest uncrewed interplanetary spacecraft ever successfully launched, behind the Phobos 1 and 2 Mars probes, as well
Cassini–Huygens
Soviet spacecraft
[mʲɪt͡ɕˈta], lit.: Dream), E-1 No.4 and First Lunar Rover, was the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of Earth's Moon, the first spacecraft to leave
Luna_1
Fifth orbital flight of the Artemis program
Artemis V is planned to be the fourth crewed mission and second lunar landing of the NASA-led Artemis program. The mission is expected to see the first
Artemis_V
NASA program contracting commercial transportation services to the Moon
are near the lunar south pole where they will scout for lunar resources, test in situ resource utilization (ISRU) concepts, and perform lunar science to
Commercial Lunar Payload Services
Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services
also listed. Missions with specific targets within the Solar System (e.g., the Sun and its planets), are excluded; see List of Solar System probes and
List_of_space_telescopes
Moon exploration program by the Russian Federal Space Agency
Луна-Глоб, meaning Lunar sphere) is a Moon exploration program by Roscosmos meant to progress toward the creation of a fully robotic lunar base. When completed
Luna-Glob
Chinese Moon orbiter
lunar probe that was launched on 1 October 2010. It was a follow-up to the Chang'e 1 lunar probe, which was launched in 2007. Chang'e 2 was part of the
Chang'e_2
Independent confirmations of Apollo Moon landings
(JAXA) SELENE lunar probe obtained several photographs showing evidence of Moon landings. On the left are two photographs taken on the lunar surface by astronauts
Third-party evidence for Apollo Moon landings
Third-party_evidence_for_Apollo_Moon_landings
Indian lunar rover
a lunar rover that forms part of Chandrayaan-3, a lunar mission developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). A previous iteration of the
Pragyan_(Chandrayaan-3)
Chinese lunar lander and rover (2013–Present)
robotic lunar exploration mission operated by the China National Space Administration (CNSA), incorporating a robotic lander and China's first lunar rover
Chang'e_3
Fourth crewed Moon landing
Apollo 15 saw the first use of the Lunar Roving Vehicle. The mission began on July 26 and ended on August 7, with the lunar surface exploration taking
Apollo_15
Soviet space probe
space mission, part of the Soviet Luna program. It was the first robotic probe to land on the Moon and return a sample of lunar soil to Earth. The 101
Luna_16
First crewed space mission to orbit the Moon
1968 to a more ambitious command-module-only lunar orbital flight to be flown in December, as the lunar module was not yet ready to make its first flight
Apollo_8
Abandoned lunar lander proposal
(HLS) was the name of a proposed lunar lander concept by Boeing that was submitted by Boeing to NASA on 5 November 2019 as part of the Artemis program
Boeing_Lunar_Lander
Sixth and most recent crewed Moon landing
gravitational field. Results from the Lunar Orbiter probes had revealed that lunar gravity varies slightly due to the presence of mass concentrations, or "mascons"
Apollo_17
Soviet lunar module intended to be used in the Soviet lunar landing attempts
korabyl, lit. 'lunar craft'; GRAU index: 11F94) is a lunar module (lunar lander designed for human spaceflight) developed in the 1960s as a part of several Soviet
LK_(spacecraft)
South Korean space program
lunar probe, a lunar lander, in 2032 using the KSLV-III. Once the preliminary design of the lunar lander is completed by 2027, the detailed design of
Korean Lunar Exploration Program
Korean_Lunar_Exploration_Program
Series of five uncrewed lunar orbiter missions
of images of the Moon giving away their resolution. Some proposals were made that NASA not publish the orbital parameters of the Lunar Orbiter probes
Lunar_Orbiter_program
Arrival of a spacecraft on the Moon's surface
A Moon landing or lunar landing is the arrival of a crewed or robotic spacecraft on the Moon. The first human-made object to touch the Moon was Luna 2
Moon_landing
Indian Lunar exploration programme
ongoing series of outer space missions by ISRO for the exploration of the Moon. The program incorporates a lunar orbiter, an impactor, a lunar lander and
Chandrayaan_programme
2026 crewed flyby of the Moon
procedures ahead of sustained lunar exploration in future Artemis missions. Artemis II's mission objectives were similar to those of Apollo 8 in 1968
Artemis_II
Concept lunar lander for Artemis program
Lockheed Martin Lunar Lander is a series of design concepts by Lockheed Martin for a crewed lunar lander. The first proposal, Mars-Precursor Lunar Lander is
Lockheed_Martin_Lunar_Lander
Proposed NASA space probe to travel 1000 AU from the Sun
Voyager 1 and 2 probes despite their intended 5-year lifetime. The mission has been called "Voyager on steroids". Interstellar probes such as the Voyager
Interstellar Probe (spacecraft)
Interstellar_Probe_(spacecraft)
Lunar Impactor
Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) was a robotic spacecraft operated by NASA. The mission was conceived as a low-cost means of determining
LCROSS
Lunar lander built by Astrobotic Technology
referred to as Griffin-1) is a lunar lander mission developed by Astrobotic Technology as part of NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program
Griffin_Mission_One
NASA orbiter mission to the Moon (1966)
The 1966 Lunar Orbiter 1 robotic spacecraft mission, part of NASA's Lunar Orbiter program, was the first American spacecraft to orbit the Moon. It was
Lunar_Orbiter_1
Blue Origin lunar lander test flight
robotic lunar landing mission planned for launch in 2027. The spacecraft is to be built and operated by Blue Origin as part of NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload
Blue Moon Pathfinder Mission 1
Blue_Moon_Pathfinder_Mission_1
Third mission of the Discovery program; polar orbital reconnaissance of the Moon
Lunar Prospector was a spacecraft that orbited the Moon for 19 months in 1998-99. From a low polar orbit, it mapped surface composition including lunar
Lunar_Prospector
Cancelled lunar orbital space station
The Lunar Gateway was a planned modular space station that would have been assembled in orbit around the Moon as part of the Artemis program. Derived from
Lunar_Gateway
2025 lunar landing mission
IM-2 was a robotic lunar landing mission operated by Intuitive Machines as part of NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program. The Nova-C
IM-2
American privately held space exploration company
in 2010 by a group of Silicon Valley and space entrepreneurs. It had the goal of winning the $30 million Google Lunar X Prize, and of ultimately mining
Moon_Express
Soviet Moon rover program
(Russian: Луноход, IPA: [lʊnɐˈxot], "Moonwalker") was a series of Soviet robotic lunar rovers designed to land on the Moon between 1969 and 1977. Lunokhod
Lunokhod_programme
Chinese lunar sample-return mission
liùhào) was the sixth robotic lunar exploration mission by the China National Space Administration (CNSA) and the second CNSA lunar sample-return mission. Like
Chang'e_6
2026 lunar landing mission
launch in the second half of 2026 for NASA's CLPS program, using a Nova-C lunar lander. It will deliver payloads to the lunar swirl in the Reiner Gamma
IM-3
Vehicle that travels on the Moon's surface
A lunar rover or Moon rover is a space exploration vehicle designed to move across the surface of the Moon. The Apollo program's Lunar Roving Vehicle was
Lunar_rover
Lunar lander spacecraft
strength of the lunar surface, and the temperatures for use in the analysis of the lunar surface temperatures. (Later Surveyor space probes, beginning with
Surveyor_1
1962 speech by John F. Kennedy
Proposes Joint Lunar Expedition with Soviets, September 20, 1963". Politico. Retrieved March 19, 2018. "Text of Remarks at Signing of Trump Space Policy
We_choose_to_go_to_the_Moon
Lunar landing mission by Japanese ispace
the same time, is due to choice of a longer trajectory in order to save energy. The space probe successfully reached lunar orbit on 6 May. On 28 May, the
Hakuto-R_Mission_2
Proposed set of robotic sensing stations on the Moon
The International Lunar Network or ILN was a proposed network of lunar surface stations to be built by the United States and the other space-faring countries
International_Lunar_Network
Retired NASA helicopter on the Mars 2020 mission
Earth—the first two were balloon probes of the Soviet Union's Vega 1 and 2, which conducted unpowered flight in the atmosphere of Venus. Both balloons flew from
Ingenuity_(helicopter)
Neil Armstrong's words on landing on the Moon
"a" is often included in brackets in the quote. The Lunar Module Eagle landed on the Moon as part of Apollo 11 in 1969. After Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin
One_small_step
Photograph of Earth by Reid Wiseman
April 3, 2026, about a day after launch and shortly after completion of the trans-lunar injection burn that placed Orion on a free-return trajectory toward
Hello,_World_(photograph)
Indian lunar mission (2023–Present)
programme, a series of lunar-exploration missions developed by ISRO. The mission consists of Vikram, a lunar lander, and Pragyan, a lunar rover, as replacements
Chandrayaan-3
NASA rover exploring Mars since 2012
2009. Retrieved September 9, 2009. "40th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference" (PDF). 2009. "41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference" (PDF). 2010
Curiosity_(rover)
Chinese lunar exploration mission
Cháng'é wǔhào) was the fifth lunar exploration mission in the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program of CNSA, and China's first lunar sample-return mission. The
Chang'e_5
Indian lunar mission (2019–Present)
vehicle") is the second lunar exploration mission developed by ISRO after Chandrayaan-1. It consists of a lunar orbiter, the Vikram lunar lander, and the Pragyan
Chandrayaan-2
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LIST OF-LUNAR-PROBES
LIST OF-LUNAR-PROBES
LIST OF-LUNAR-PROBES
LIST OF-LUNAR-PROBES
LIST OF-LUNAR-PROBES
LIST OF-LUNAR-PROBES
LIST OF-LUNAR-PROBES
LIST OF-LUNAR-PROBES
LIST OF-LUNAR-PROBES
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