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Computer system emulating human expert
intelligence (AI), an expert system is a computer system emulating the decision-making ability of a human expert. Expert systems are designed to solve
Expert_system
Series of novellas by Adrian Tchaikovsky
Expert Systems is a series of science fiction novellas by Adrian Tchaikovsky. It comprises two entries: The Expert System's Brother (2018) and The Expert
Expert_Systems_(series)
legal expert system is a domain-specific expert system that uses artificial intelligence to emulate the decision-making abilities of a human expert in the
Legal_expert_system
Academic journal
Expert Systems with Applications is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering computer science and artificial intelligence. More specifically, it focuses
Expert Systems with Applications
Expert_Systems_with_Applications
Artificial neural network-based expert systems
Connectionist expert systems are artificial neural network (ANN) based expert systems where the ANN generates inferencing rules e.g., fuzzy-multi layer
Connectionist_expert_system
Person with broad and profound competence in a particular field
that enable experts to be fast and accurate. Expertise characteristics, skills and knowledge of a person (that is, expert) or of a system, which distinguish
Expert
Type of computer program used in mortgage banking
An expert system for mortgages is a computer program that contains the knowledge and analytical skills of human authorities, related to mortgage banking
Expert_systems_for_mortgages
Rule-based system for configuring computers
The R1, internally called XCON (Expert Configurer), program was a production-rule-based system written in OPS5 by John P. McDermott of Carnegie Mellon
Xcon
Component of artificial intelligence systems
intelligent system that applies logical rules to the knowledge base to deduce new information. The first inference engines were components of expert systems. The
Inference_engine
Network protection device or software
Next-generation Intrusion Detection Expert System (NIDES). The Multics intrusion detection and alerting system (MIDAS), an expert system using P-BEST and Lisp, was
Intrusion_detection_system
Medical expert system
CADUCEUS was a medical expert system, an early type of recommender system - by Harry Pople of the University of Pittsburgh. Finished in the mid-1980s,
CADUCEUS_(expert_system)
Type of computer system
system is the domain-specific expert system that uses rules to make deductions or choices. For example, an expert system might help a doctor choose the
Rule-based_system
Methods for developing expert systems
refers to all aspects involved in knowledge-based systems. One of the first examples of an expert system was MYCIN, an application to perform medical diagnosis
Knowledge_engineering
Computer program that uses a knowledge base and reasoning to solve problems
"knowledge-based system" was often used interchangeably with "expert system", possibly because almost all of the earliest knowledge-based systems were designed
Knowledge-based_systems
Decision support system for Australian divorces
Split Up is an intelligent decision support system, which makes predictions about the distribution of marital property following divorce in Australia.
Split_Up_(expert_system)
Health information technology
clinical data. This eliminates the need for writing rules and expert input. However, since systems based on machine learning cannot explain the reasons for
Clinical decision support system
Clinical_decision_support_system
Information repository with multiple applications
knowledge base was to describe one of the two sub-systems of an expert system. A knowledge-based system consists of a knowledge-base representing facts
Knowledge_base
Expert system for bacterial infections
MYCIN was an early backward chaining expert system that used black box to identify bacteria causing severe infections, such as bacteremia and meningitis
Mycin
Software development tool
inventors of SHINE are Mark L. James and David J. Atkinson. SHINE is an expert system and inference engine based upon the experience, requirements and technology
SHINE_Expert_System
Authority in a particular area or topic
dedicated roles for credentialed professionals. A domain expert is frequently used in expert systems software development, and there the term always refers
Subject-matter_expert
SHYSTER is a legal expert system developed at the Australian National University in Canberra in 1993. It was written as the doctoral dissertation of James
Shyster_(expert_system)
Use of AI to help detect fraud
from computer assisted fraud detection approaches; expert systems and continuous auditing. Expert systems were first developed in the 1960s and 70s, and were
Artificial intelligence in fraud detection
Artificial_intelligence_in_fraud_detection
First U.S. American offender profiling software for local crime investigation
REBES (Residential Burglary Expert System, also Baltimore County Burglary System, BCPD) was the first U.S. American offender profiling software for local
Residential Burglary Expert System
Residential_Burglary_Expert_System
Methods in artificial intelligence research
frames. It developed applications such as knowledge-based systems (in particular, expert systems), symbolic mathematics, automated theorem provers, ontologies
Symbolic artificial intelligence
Symbolic_artificial_intelligence
Tool for building expert systems
CLIPS (C Language Integrated Production System) is a public-domain software tool for building expert systems. The syntax and name were inspired by Charles
CLIPS
Process used to define the rules and ontologies required for a knowledge-based system
knowledge-based system. The phrase was first used in conjunction with expert systems to describe the initial tasks associated with developing an expert system, namely
Knowledge_acquisition
Field of artificial intelligence
in expert systems in the 1970s and 80s, production systems, frame languages, etc. Rather than general problem solvers, AI changed its focus to expert systems
Knowledge representation and reasoning
Knowledge_representation_and_reasoning
Period of reduced funding and interest in AI research
new spending on AI by the Strategic Computing Initiative 1990s: many expert systems were abandoned 1990s: end of the Fifth Generation computer project's
AI_winter
first systems was the Pro-trader expert system that predicted the 87-point drop in the Dow Jones Industrial Average in 1986. An early expert system to help
Applications of artificial intelligence
Applications_of_artificial_intelligence
Computer-assisted diagnostic software tool
expert system based on decision trees developed in the early 1970s at the University of Pittsburgh as an educational experiment. The INTERNIST system
Internist-I
Inference engine in an expert system
chaining is a popular implementation strategy for expert systems, business and production rule systems. The opposite of forward chaining is backward chaining
Forward_chaining
Field in computer-aided design
investment in Artificial Intelligence for business that fueled expert systems. Like expert systems, it relied on what at the time were leading edge advances
Knowledge-based_engineering
visionary initiative by the Japanese Government and the success of expert systems reinvigorated investment in AI, and by the late 1980s, the industry
History of artificial intelligence
History_of_artificial_intelligence
rules. Rule-based systems were the predominant knowledge representation mechanism for virtually all early expert systems. Rule-based systems provided acceptable
Deductive_classifier
Cleverpath AION Business Rules Expert (formerly Platinum AIONDS, and before that Trinzic AIONDS, and originally Aion) is an expert system and Business rules engine
Cleverpath AION Business Rules Expert
Cleverpath_AION_Business_Rules_Expert
Rule-based or production system computer language
or production system computer language, notable as the first such language to be used in a successful expert system, the R1/XCON system used to configure
OPS5
Pattern matching algorithm
his 1979 Ph.D. thesis and a 1982 paper. A naive implementation of an expert system might check each rule against known facts in a knowledge base, firing
Rete_algorithm
The Trade Control and Export System (TRACES), is a web-based veterinarian certification tool used by the European Union for controlling the import and
Trade Control and Expert System
Trade_Control_and_Expert_System
AI software
Published by Paperback Software, VP-Expert was designed to facilitate the creation of rule-based expert systems, primarily for applications in business
VP-Expert
building an expert system can require a large amount of time and computer memory. The size of the final expert system. As the expert system aims to map
Diagnosis (artificial intelligence)
Diagnosis_(artificial_intelligence)
1960s artificial intelligence project
artificial intelligence (AI) of the 1960s, and the computer software expert system that it produced. Its primary aim was to study hypothesis formation
Dendral
Computer program used to provide artificial intelligence
knowledge representation found useful in automated planning and scheduling, expert systems, and action selection. Productions consist of two parts: a sensory precondition
Production system (computer science)
Production_system_(computer_science)
Joint Expert Speciation System (JESS) is a package of computer software and data developed collaboratively at Murdoch University and elsewhere by researchers
Joint Expert Speciation System
Joint_Expert_Speciation_System
Type of artificial intelligence approach
D. (September 1991). "Blackboard Systems" (PDF). AI Expert. 6 (9): 40–47. * Nii, H. Penny (1986). Blackboard Systems (PDF) (Technical report). Department
Blackboard_system
Thought experiment
used as a toy problem for computer science and can be solved with an expert system such as CLIPS. The example set of rules that CLIPS provides is somewhat
Monkey_and_banana_problem
Programming language
for the automation of an expert system, and is often termed as an expert system shell. In recent years, intelligent agent systems have also developed, which
Jess_(programming_language)
Loren Mauldin. Described as a "belligerent expert system", Rog-O-Matic performs well when tested against expert Rogue players, even winning the game. In
Rog-O-Matic
Topics referred to by the same term
video game Peugeot Expert, a model of light commercial vehicle The Expert (disambiguation) Expert system, in artificial intelligence Expert witness, a person
Expert_(disambiguation)
Direct interface to an operating system
system kernel. These are also sometimes referred to as "wrappers". In expert systems, a shell is a piece of software that is an "empty" expert system
Shell_(computing)
are based on expert systems, a well established type of KBS that encode knowledge and emulate the cognitive behaviours of human experts using predicate
Intelligent decision support system
Intelligent_decision_support_system
Person whose opinion is accepted by the judge as an expert
developed significantly in the Western court system over the last 250 years. The concept of allowing an expert witness to testify in a court setting and
Expert_witness
Software system combining multiple techniques
as: Neuro-symbolic systems Neuro-fuzzy systems Hybrid connectionist-symbolic models Fuzzy expert systems Connectionist expert systems Evolutionary neural
Hybrid_intelligent_system
transformation rules that KBSA used were different from traditional rules for expert systems. Transformation rules matched against specification and implementation
Knowledge Based Software Assistant
Knowledge_Based_Software_Assistant
Method to analyze non-binary inputs
S2CID 15744271. Shu-Hsien Liao (2005). "Expert system methodologies and applications—a decade review from 1995 to 2004". Expert Systems with Applications. 28 (1):
Fuzzy_control_system
Structuring (KADS) is a structured way of developing knowledge-based systems (expert systems). It was developed at the University of Amsterdam as an alternative
Knowledge Acquisition and Documentation Structuring
Knowledge_Acquisition_and_Documentation_Structuring
Decision-making framework for artificial intelligence
contemporary control and reasoning architectures like expert systems and the blackboard system. The following define the general requirements for the
Procedural_reasoning_system
System that supports business decisions
system, decision support system, expert system, executive dashboard, supply chain management system, and electronic commerce system. Dashboards are a special
Information_system
Type of artificial intelligence-based expert system software
games, a bot or drone is a type of artificial intelligence (AI)-based expert system software that plays a video game in the place of a human. Bots are used
Video_game_bot
2007 video game similar to the game Twenty Questions
shared but they fall in the field of statistical classification or expert systems. Before beginning the questionnaire, the players must think of a character
Akinator
British computer scientist (1956–2025)
artificial intelligence techniques and expert system approaches. Expert Systems with Applications, 1(2), 171-178". Expert Systems with Applications. 1 (2): 171–178
Peter Smith (computer scientist)
Peter_Smith_(computer_scientist)
Information systems supporting business or organizational decision-making activities
Mistral is an expert system to monitor dam safety, developed in the 1990s by Ismes (Italy). It gets data from an automatic monitoring system and performs
Decision_support_system
Type of software system
The first practical application of automated reasoning were expert systems. Expert systems focused on much more well defined domains than general problem
Reasoning_system
Greek teacher and homeopathy practitioner (b. 1932)
credibility of homeopathy. Vithoulkas has also made an expert system 'VES'(Vithoulkas Expert System) that has been incorporated into the RADAR software.
George_Vithoulkas
1988 project for a Space Shuttle system
The NASA Expert-System Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (ES-ITMS) Project was a public-private partnership to develop an artificial intelligence assisted, air
NASA AI Assisted-Air Quality Monitoring Project
NASA_AI_Assisted-Air_Quality_Monitoring_Project
Clinical decision support system
; Strasser, Zachary H.; Chueh, Henry C. (2025-05-01). "Dedicated AI Expert System vs Generative AI With Large Language Model for Clinical Diagnoses".
DXplain
AI expert system workstations in the global market. The company created a European development and marketing subsidiary, MAD Intelligent Systems GmbH
MAD_Intelligent_Systems
"Visual Expert Team System". Visual Expert. 2015-05-15. "Visual Expert Release History". Visual Expert. 2021-09-21. "Visual Expert for SQL Server". DBMC
Visual_Expert
Software companies of the United Kingdom
1980 and is widely known for its range of Prolog compilers, the Flex expert system toolkit and most recently, VisiRule. LPA was established to exploit
Logic_Programming_Associates
Canadian academic
principal developer of the clinical expert system MYCIN, one of the first rule-based artificial intelligence expert systems, which obtained clinical data interactively
Edward_H._Shortliffe
Type of diagnosis assisted by computers
include the MYCIN expert system, the Internist-I expert system and the CADUCEUS expert system. Diagnostic robots, as automatic diagnosis systems are capable
Computer-aided_diagnosis
Software system for decision logic
application code Tools, allowing both technical developers and business experts to define and manage decision logic A runtime environment, allowing applications
Business rule management system
Business_rule_management_system
Artificial intelligence data structure
world fueled by expert systems. This led to the development of many commercial products for the development of knowledge-based systems. These early products
Frame (artificial intelligence)
Frame_(artificial_intelligence)
Inference method used in AI expert systems
intelligence, model-based reasoning refers to an inference method used in expert systems based on a model of the physical world. With this approach, the main
Model-based_reasoning
Approach to handling inferred information
and a reason maintenance system—communicate with each other via an interface. The reasoner uses the reason maintenance system to record its inferences
Reason_maintenance
logic extension of the CLIPS (C Language Integrated Production System) expert system shell from NASA. It was developed by the Integrated Reasoning Group
FuzzyCLIPS
1985 Brazilian home computer
free. The Expert XP-800 was followed by the Expert GPC-1 ("Gradiente Personal Computer") in 1987, and by Expert Plus and Expert DD Plus (a system with a
Gradiente_Expert
of AI – the purpose of the job is to work with a client who wants an expert system created for them or their business. Knowledge engineers are involved
Knowledge_engineer
acquisition refers to the transfer of knowledge from human experts to knowledge-based systems. Ripple-down rules are an incremental approach to knowledge
Ripple-down_rules
User interface type
systems took hold in the AI community, expert systems were applied to UIs (e.g., the aptly-named "WIZARD" system). In the 1990s the application of plan
Intelligent_user_interface
Chemical informatics software
Chemical file formats and manage molecular data. It serves as a chemical expert system, widely used in fields such as cheminformatics, molecular modelling
Open_Babel
American computer scientist
he won the 1994 ACM Turing Award. He is often called the "father of expert systems". Feigenbaum was born in Weehawken, New Jersey in 1936 to a culturally
Edward_Feigenbaum
NetExpert monitors and controls networks and service impacting resources using object-oriented and expert systems technologies. NetExpert is considered
NetExpert
the way back to the 1980s. At this time, AI research was focusing on expert systems and robotics. Despite the initial research and the studies that were
Artificial intelligence in marketing
Artificial_intelligence_in_marketing
Topics referred to by the same term
Peter Norvig Artificial intelligence in fiction Autonomic computing Expert system Fuzzy logic Heuristic (disambiguation) Intelligent agent Synthetic intelligence
Artificial intelligence (disambiguation)
Artificial_intelligence_(disambiguation)
Machine learning technique
Mixture of experts (MoE) is a machine learning technique where multiple expert networks (learners) are used to divide a problem space into homogeneous
Mixture_of_experts
Method used for calculating creditworthiness
their traditional expert system for evaluating potential borrowers. In recent decades, a number of objective, quantitative systems for scoring credits
Credit_analysis
Process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems
by experts. Diagnosis of a problem transpires as a rapid recognition process in which symptoms evoke appropriate situation categories. An expert knows
Case-based_reasoning
Topics referred to by the same term
element in 1934 Es (operating system), developed by Nintendo, then Google es (Unix shell), a command-line interpreter Expert system, to automate decision making
ES
American video game magazine
Despite the different name, XG continued EGM2's numbering system. The redesign into Expert Gamer was heralded with a rare fold-out cover depicting the
Expert_Gamer
HYPO is a computer program, an expert system, that models reasoning with cases and hypotheticals in the legal domain. It is the first of its kind and
HYPO_CBR
Clinical quality management systems (CQMS) are systems used in the life sciences sector (primarily in the pharmaceutical, biologics and medical device
Clinical quality management system
Clinical_quality_management_system
Medical decision support system (GIDEON)
and described by researchers. GIDEON's scientists, physicians, and data experts collect and analyze data on all these pathogens and organize them in a
Global Infectious Disease Epidemiology Network
Global_Infectious_Disease_Epidemiology_Network
American scientist and musician
"Hyperspectral Systems Increase Imaging Capabilities Originating Technology/NASA Contribution". NASA. Retrieved November 22, 2025. "Expert system for controlling
Mark_Allen_Lanoue
Expert systems development tool
Engineering Environment (KEE) is a frame-based development tool for expert systems. It was developed and sold by IntelliCorp, and was first released in
Knowledge Engineering Environment
Knowledge_Engineering_Environment
Product to detect cheating in games
control over a user's system, which has raised significant security and privacy concerns among critics and cybersecurity experts. Critics argue that this
Anti-Cheat_Expert
Computer programming paradigm
them better suited for applications such as artificial intelligence, expert systems, natural language processing, and computer games. Languages that support
Symbolic_programming
medicines regimen BEST-RDR (Best Expert System Technique – Ripple Down Rule) website is freely accessible RDR publication and system warehouse that helps you
Multiple-classification ripple-down rules
Multiple-classification_ripple-down_rules
Method of forming inferences
forward-chaining inference. The backward chaining approach is often employed by expert systems. Programming languages such as Prolog, Knowledge Machine and ECLiPSe
Backward_chaining
diversity classification of relevés using TWINSPAN or cluster analysis expert system for vegetation classification based on COCKTAIL method etc. Phytosociology
JUICE_(software)
Chess-playing computer made by IBM
world chess champion in a formal match, it was a then-state-of-the-art expert system, relying upon rules and variables defined and fine-tuned by chess masters
Deep_Blue_(chess_computer)
travel, tourism, insurance
EXPERT SYSTEM
EXPERT SYSTEM
Male
English
English variant spelling of French Albert, ELBERT means "bright nobility."
Male
German
Frisian and Scandinavian form of German Eckhard, EILERT means "strong edge."
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Expert
Male
English
Middle English form of Anglo-Saxon Ecgbryht, EGBERT means "bright edge."
Boy/Male
Indian
Expert
Girl/Female
Hindu
Expert
Male
German
Low German form of German Eckhard, EGGERT means "strong edge."
Boy/Male
Hindu
Expert
Girl/Female
Indian
Expert
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Telugu
Expertly; Expert
Male
German
Low German form of German Hrodebert, RUPERT means "bright fame."
Girl/Female
Indian
Expert
Girl/Female
Tamil
Parinitha | பரிணீதா
Expert
Parinitha | பரிணீதா
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Expert
Boy/Male
Tamil
Expert
Girl/Female
Tamil
Parinita | பரிணீதா
Expert
Parinita | பரிணீதா
Girl/Female
Tamil
Daxita | தகà¯à®·à¯€à®¤à®¾Â Â
Expert
Daxita | தகà¯à®·à¯€à®¤à®¾Â Â
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Expert
Male
German
Contracted form of German Eberhart, EBERT means "strong as a boar."
Male
German
Low German form of Old High German Eberhard, EVERT means "strong as a boar."
EXPERT SYSTEM
EXPERT SYSTEM
EXPERT SYSTEM
EXPERT SYSTEM
EXPERT SYSTEM
EXPERT SYSTEM
EXPERT SYSTEM
n.
Space or degree to which a thing is extended; hence, superficies; compass; bulk; size; length; as, an extent of country or of line; extent of information or of charity.
n.
An expert or experienced person; one instructed by experience; one who has skill, experience, or extensive knowledge in his calling or in any special branch of learning.
a.
Open; evident; apert.
n.
An expert.
n.
A specialist in a particular profession or department of science requiring for its mastery peculiar culture and erudition.
v. t.
To carry or send abroad, or out of a country, especially to foreign countries, as merchandise or commodities in the way of commerce; -- the opposite of import; as, to export grain, cotton, cattle, goods, etc.
v. t.
To lay out, apply, or employ in any way; to consume by use; to use up or distribute, either in payment or in donations; to spend; as, they expend money for food or in charity; to expend time labor, and thought; to expend hay in feeding cattle, oil in a lamp, water in mechanical operations.
n.
A sworn appraiser.
v. t.
To cut off or out. [Obs.] See Exsect.
v. i.
To take exception; to object; -- usually followed by to, sometimes by against; as, to except to a witness or his testimony.
n.
The act of exporting; exportation; as, to prohibit the export of wheat or tobacco.
n.
That which is exported; a commodity conveyed from one country or State to another in the way of traffic; -- used chiefly in the plural, exports.
a.
Not expert; not skilled; destitute of knowledge or dexterity derived from practice.
v. i.
To emit the last breath; to breathe out the life; to die; as, to expire calmly; to expire in agony.
a.
Taught by use, practice, or experience, experienced; having facility of operation or performance from practice; knowing and ready from much practice; clever; skillful; as, an expert surgeon; expert in chess or archery.
v. t.
To look for (mentally); to look forward to, as to something that is believed to be about to happen or come; to have a previous apprehension of, whether of good or evil; to look for with some confidence; to anticipate; -- often followed by an infinitive, sometimes by a clause (with, or without, that); as, I expect to receive wages; I expect that the troops will be defeated.
v. t.
To experience.
v. t.
To put force, ability, or anything of the nature of an active faculty; to put in vigorous action; to bring into active operation; as, to exert the strength of the body, limbs, faculties, or imagination; to exert the mind or the voice.
v. t.
To wrest from an unwilling person by physical force, menace, duress, torture, or any undue or illegal exercise of power or ingenuity; to wrench away (from); to tear away; to wring (from); to exact; as, to extort contributions from the vanquished; to extort confessions of guilt; to extort a promise; to extort payment of a debt.
a.
Not expert; inexpert.
travel, tourism, insurance