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NASA crewed Moon landing spacecraft (1969–1972)
Apollo Lunar Module (LM /ˈlɛm/), originally designated the Lunar Excursion Module (LEM), was the lunar lander spacecraft that was flown between lunar
Apollo_Lunar_Module
Second crewed mission to orbit the Moon
lunar orbit, astronaut John Young remained in the Command and Service Module (CSM) while astronauts Thomas Stafford and Gene Cernan flew the Apollo Lunar
Apollo_10
Aborted Moon landing mission in the Apollo program
module (SM) exploded two days into the mission, disabling its electrical and life-support system. The crew, supported by backup systems on the Apollo
Apollo_13
1961–1972 American crewed lunar exploration program
the Apollo 11 mission, when astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed their Apollo Lunar Module (LM) on July 20, 1969, and walked on the lunar surface
Apollo_program
Lunar lander designed for human spaceflight
surface. As of 2026, the Apollo Lunar Module is the only lunar module to have ever been used in human spaceflight, completing six lunar landings from 1969 to
Lunar_module
Lunar lander used for Apollo 11
Lunar Module Eagle (LM-5) is the Apollo Lunar Module that was the first crewed lunar lander flown by humans to the Moon. Part of the 1969 Apollo 11 mission
Lunar_Module_Eagle
Third crewed mission of the Apollo space program
McDivitt, Command Module Pilot David Scott, and Lunar Module Pilot Rusty Schweickart. Flown in low Earth orbit, it was the second crewed Apollo mission that
Apollo_9
Guidance and navigation computer used in Apollo spacecraft
that was installed on board each Apollo command module (CM) and Apollo Lunar Module (LM). The AGC provided computation and electronic interfaces for
Apollo_Guidance_Computer
Fourth crewed Moon landing
and a lunar subsatellite deployed at the end of the moonwalks. The Lunar Module returned safely to the command module and, at the end of Apollo 15's 74th
Apollo_15
Saturn V-launched payload that took men to the Moon
spacecraft consisted of a combined command and service module (CSM) and an Apollo Lunar Module (LM). Two additional components complemented the spacecraft
Apollo_(spacecraft)
Second crewed Moon landing
arrangement inside the Lunar Module during their stay on the Moon. Shortly after being launched on a rainy day at Kennedy Space Center, Apollo 12 was twice struck
Apollo_12
Fifth crewed Moon landing
Lunar Module Pilot Charles Duke and Command Module Pilot Ken Mattingly. Launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida on April 16, 1972, Apollo 16
Apollo_16
Component of the Apollo spacecraft
carried a crew of three astronauts and the second Apollo spacecraft, the Apollo Lunar Module, to lunar orbit, and brought the astronauts back to Earth.
Apollo command and service module
Apollo_command_and_service_module
First crewed Moon landing (1969)
mission was crewed by Commander Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin, all of whom were on their
Apollo_11
Uncrewed first test flight of the Apollo Lunar Module
Apollo 5 (launched January 22, 1968), also known as AS-204, was the uncrewed first flight of the Apollo Lunar Module (LM) that would later carry astronauts
Apollo_5
First crewed space mission to orbit the Moon
Station in Florida. Originally planned as the second crewed Apollo Lunar Module and command module test, to be flown in an elliptical medium Earth orbit in
Apollo_8
Missions and flights of NASA's Apollo Program
Command Module with a half-fueled Service Module, and more than enough to orbit a fully fueled Lunar Module. Two suborbital tests of the Apollo Block I
List_of_Apollo_missions
Nylon banner and aluminum staff used on the Apollo Moon landings
anodized aluminum tubes. The flags were carried on the outside of the Apollo Lunar Module (LM), most of them on the descent ladder inside a thermally insulated
Lunar_Flag_Assembly
Astronauts from NASA's Apollo program
As part of the Apollo program by NASA, 24 astronauts flew nine lunar missions between December 1968 and December 1972. During six successful two-man landing
List_of_Apollo_astronauts
Sixth and most recent crewed Moon landing
the Moon. Commander Gene Cernan and Lunar Module Pilot Harrison Schmitt walked on the Moon, while Command Module Pilot Ronald Evans orbited above. Schmitt
Apollo_17
Apollo Lunar Module rocket engine
developed by Space Technology Laboratories (TRW) for use in the Apollo Lunar Module descent stage. It used Aerozine 50 fuel and dinitrogen tetroxide
Descent_propulsion_system
Third crewed Moon landing
capsule communicator (CAPCOM) for Apollo 9. The Lunar Module Pilot (LMP), Edgar Mitchell, aged 40 at the time of Apollo 14, joined the Navy in 1952 and
Apollo_14
Apollo spacecraft guidance system
the Moon, or in case of a communications failure. The Apollo command module (CM) and lunar module (LM), were each equipped with a version of PGNCS. PGNCS
Apollo_PGNCS
Programs by the Soviet Union to land humans on the Moon
crewed lunar programs were a series of programs pursued by the Soviet Union to land humans on the Moon, in competition with the United States Apollo program
Soviet_crewed_lunar_programs
Spacecraft intended to land on the surface of the Moon
A lunar lander or Moon lander is a spacecraft designed to land on the surface of the Moon. As of 2024, the Apollo Lunar Module is the only lunar lander
Lunar_lander
Portable TV camera suitable for space operations
standards. Starting with Apollo 7, a camera was carried on every Apollo command module (CM) except Apollo 9. For each lunar landing mission, a camera
Apollo_TV_camera
Apollo Lunar Module rocket engine
or lunar module ascent engine (LMAE) is a fixed-thrust hypergolic rocket engine developed by Bell Aerosystems for use in the Apollo Lunar Module ascent
Ascent_propulsion_system
Command module used for Apollo 11
Command module Columbia (CM-107) is the spacecraft that served as the command module during Apollo 11, which was the first mission to land humans on the
Command_module_Columbia
Independent confirmations of Apollo Moon landings
orbiter captured an image of the Apollo 11 Lunar Module Eagle descent stage. The orbiter's image of Tranquility Base, the Apollo 11 landing site, was released
Third-party evidence for Apollo Moon landings
Third-party_evidence_for_Apollo_Moon_landings
American human spaceflight program
flights of the Extended Lunar Module (ELM), a modification of basic Apollo Lunar Module hardware. ELM missions extended lunar stay time to 3 or 4 days
Apollo_Applications_Program
Landing site of Apollo 11 on the Moon
the first time. On July 20, 1969, Apollo 11 crewmembers Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed their Apollo Lunar Module Eagle at approximately 20:17:40
Tranquility_Base
Arrival of a spacecraft on the Moon's surface
step off the lunar surface. All Apollo lunar missions had a third crew member who remained on board the command module. To get to the Moon, a spacecraft
Moon_landing
1968 American Saturn V rocket test flight
cancelled. Apollo 6, the second test flight of the Saturn V launch vehicle, was intended to send a command and service module (CSM) plus a Lunar Test Article
Apollo_6
Planned lander spacecraft component of NASA's cancelled Project Constellation
The Altair spacecraft, previously known as the Lunar Surface Access Module or LSAM, was the planned lander spacecraft component of NASA's cancelled Constellation
Altair_(spacecraft)
Commemorative plaques attached to the United States Apollo Lunar Modules
the United States Apollo Lunar Modules flown on lunar landing missions Apollo 11 through Apollo 17, to be left permanently on the lunar surface. The plaques
Lunar_plaque
Vehicle driven by astronauts on the Moon (1971–72)
(18 km/h; 5 m/s) on its last mission, Apollo 17. Each LRV was carried to the Moon folded up in the Lunar Module's Quadrant 1 Bay. After being unpacked
Lunar_Roving_Vehicle
Claims that the Apollo Moon landings were faked
high-definition photos taken by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) of the Apollo landing sites have captured the Lunar Module descent stages and the tracks
Moon landing conspiracy theories
Moon_landing_conspiracy_theories
Proceedings of NASA's fourth manned Moon landing until ascent
Apollo 15 lunar surface operations were conducted from July 30 to August 2, 1971, by Apollo 15 Commander David Scott and Apollo Lunar Module Pilot James
Apollo 15 operations on the Lunar surface
Apollo_15_operations_on_the_Lunar_surface
Moon landing simulation games
Lunar Lander is a genre of video games loosely based on the 1969 landing of the Apollo Lunar Module on the Moon. In Lunar Lander games, players control
Lunar Lander (video game genre)
Lunar_Lander_(video_game_genre)
First crewed flight of the Apollo space program
Pilot Donn F. Eisele and Lunar Module pilot R. Walter Cunningham (so designated even though Apollo 7 did not carry a Lunar Module). The three astronauts
Apollo_7
Planned United States spaceflight (1967)
Apollo flights were suspended for twenty months while the command module's hazards were addressed. The development and uncrewed testing of the lunar module
Apollo_1
Small crater on the Moon
east of the Apollo 11 landing site known as Tranquility Base. The Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed the Lunar Module (LM) Eagle
Little_West_(lunar_crater)
Soviet lunar module intended to be used in the Soviet lunar landing attempts
of several Soviet crewed lunar programs. Its role was analogous to the American Apollo Lunar Module (LM). Three LK modules, of the T2K variant, were
LK_(spacecraft)
American astronaut and lunar explorer (1930–2018)
command module pilot on Apollo 10, and became the first person to orbit the Moon alone. In 1972, he commanded Apollo 16 and spent three days on the lunar surface
John_Young_(astronaut)
Maneuver done by the Apollo spacecraft
was a maneuver performed during Apollo lunar landing missions from 1969 to 1972, to withdraw the Apollo Lunar Module (LM) from its adapter housing which
Transposition, docking, and extraction
Transposition,_docking,_and_extraction
2011 film by Gonzalo López-Gallego
from the USSR. Grey remains aboard Apollo command module Freedom while Walker and Anderson land in Apollo Lunar Module Liberty to plant the detector. Anderson
Apollo_18_(film)
NASA-led lunar exploration program
returning humans to the Moon for the first time since the Apollo program and building a permanent lunar base. It was formally established via Space Policy Directive-1
Artemis_program
Apollo human lunar landing training vehicle
study and analyze piloting techniques needed to fly and land the Apollo Lunar Module in the Moon's low gravity environment. The research vehicles were
Lunar Landing Research Vehicle
Lunar_Landing_Research_Vehicle
Planned spaceflight mission
Moon landing in the NASA-led Artemis lunar exploration program, marking the first crewed Moon landing since Apollo 17 in 1972. The mission is planned for
Artemis_IV
China crewed lunar surface lander
of a propulsion stage and a landing and ascent stage; unlike the Apollo Lunar Module, Lanyue will jettison its propulsion stage prior to landing. The
Lanyue
Moon rock
Lunar basalt 70017 is a Moon rock gathered in 1972 by astronauts Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt on the Apollo 17 mission near their Apollo Lunar Module
Lunar_basalt_70017
American aerospace engineer (1929–2002)
engineer. Kelly primarily worked on the Apollo Lunar Module, which earned him the name of "Father of the Lunar Module" from NASA.[citation needed] Kelly graduated
Thomas J. Kelly (aerospace engineer)
Thomas_J._Kelly_(aerospace_engineer)
Scientific instruments left by the Apollo astronauts on the Moon
The Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP) comprised a set of scientific instruments placed by the astronauts at the landing site of each of
Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package
Apollo_Lunar_Surface_Experiments_Package
1995 film by Ron Howard
again to send Apollo 13 to the Moon, Swigert performs the maneuver to turn the Command Module Odyssey around to dock with the Lunar Module Aquarius and
Apollo_13_(film)
Spaceflight maneuver
Moon. The most famous example involved Project Apollo's command and service module (CSM) and lunar module (LM), where they were both sent to a translunar
Lunar_orbit_rendezvous
Spacecraft docking system used during the Apollo program
of the Apollo was a "probe and drogue" system designed to allow the Apollo Command/Service Module (CSM) to dock with the Apollo Lunar Module. The same
Apollo_Docking_Mechanism
Cancelled lunar orbital space station
with another spacecraft, the Apollo Lunar Module. Lunar bases, like the first Tranquility Base as well as concepts for lunar bases have been the main focus
Lunar_Gateway
Long-term human settlement on the Moon
also proposed. Lunar orbital spacecraft have been supporting lunar bases since the use of the Apollo command and service module in lunar orbit. Today an
Moonbase
Planned international lunar base
on the lunar surface. Lunar Transportation and Operation Facility – to consist of modules for lunar exploration and cargo transportation. Lunar Scientific
International Lunar Research Station
International_Lunar_Research_Station
Canceled space missions
canceled as unnecessary. The first development Lunar Module, LM-1 was flown uncrewed (B mission) as Apollo 5. A second uncrewed test was planned using LM-2
Canceled_Apollo_missions
Crash of rocket into the Moon
two lunar landers: Blue Ghost-1 and Hakuto-R Mission 2. The crash, which was not planned, is humanity's third known (or presumed) unintentional lunar impact
2026_SpaceX_lunar_impact
American rocket used in the Apollo program during the 1960s and 70s
half-fueled Apollo command and service module (CSM) or a fully fueled Apollo Lunar Module (LM), before the larger Saturn V needed for lunar flight was
Saturn_IB
Museum in Florida about the US space program
following Apollo missions that could open quicker in the event of an emergency. Center emblem Apollo 14 Command Module Kitty Hawk Apollo Lunar Module (LM-9)
Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex
Kennedy_Space_Center_Visitor_Complex
command of the Apollo Lunar Module. The commander would make the actual descent and landing of LM on the lunar surface, as well as the lunar ascent back
Astronaut_ranks_and_positions
Space suit used in Apollo and Skylab missions
complete Apollo EMU made its space debut with Apollo 9 launched into space on March 3, 1969. On the fourth day of the mission, Lunar Module Pilot Russell
Apollo/Skylab_spacesuit
NASA Apollo program sent 24 astronauts on nine crewed lunar missions. Six of the missions landed two astronauts each on the lunar surface, while Apollo 8
List of people who have flown to the Moon
List_of_people_who_have_flown_to_the_Moon
Documentary television series
challenges of the Apollo program to land men on the Moon. It covers everything from the iconic Saturn V to the Command Module, the Lunar Module, the Space Suits
Moon_Machines
Planned lunar habitat module
The Lunar I-Hab (formerly known as International Habitation Module, International Habitat or I-HAB) was designed as a habitat module of the Lunar Gateway
Lunar_I-Hab
spacecraft to orbit the Moon. On 20 July 1969, Apollo 11 accomplished the first crewed landing on the lunar surface, during which Neil Armstrong became the
List_of_missions_to_the_Moon
1996 American TV series or program
commander Neil Armstrong Xander Berkeley as Apollo Lunar Module pilot Buzz Aldrin. Berkeley was also cast in Apollo 13, which was thought to have aided him
Apollo_11_(1996_film)
American aerospace and defense company
of products such as ballistic missiles, all-weather radars, the Apollo Lunar Module, land and sea-based fighter aircraft and Stealth bombers. Founded
Northrop_Grumman
Lost NASA telemetry data tapes
minutes of Apollo 11's moonwalk, the negative impact on the image could be very obvious. When Armstrong first came down the Lunar Module's ladder, he
Apollo_11_missing_tapes
First test flight of the Apollo Saturn V rocket
Block I command and service module modified to test several key Block II revisions, including its heat shield at simulated lunar-return velocity and angle
Apollo_4
Extreme benchmarks set off Earth by astronauts, launchers and probes
times (two Titan II Gemini, two Saturn V Apollo CSM, two Space Shuttle) and from the Moon once (Apollo Lunar Module Ascent Stage) (1965–1983) Jerry L. Ross
List_of_spaceflight_records
American aerospace engineer (1933–2016)
the Apollo Lunar Module. The AGS played an important role in the safe return of Apollo 13 after an oxygen tank explosion left the Service Module crippled
Judith_Love_Cohen
Backup system for Apollo PGNCS
an abort capability in the event of failure of the Lunar Module's primary guidance system (Apollo PGNCS) during descent, ascent or rendezvous. As an abort
Apollo_Abort_Guidance_System
Concept lunar lander for Artemis program
The Mars-Precursor Lunar Lander would be 14 m (46 ft) tall, making it twice as tall as the Apollo Lunar Module used during the Apollo missions. It would
Lockheed_Martin_Lunar_Lander
Topics referred to by the same term
A lunar lander is a space vehicle designed to land on the Moon. Lunar Lander may also refer to: Apollo Lunar Module (LM or LEM), the lander used in the
Lunar_lander_(disambiguation)
flags, the commemorative plaques attached to the ladders of the six Apollo Lunar Modules, the silver astronaut pin left by Alan Bean in honor of Clifton C
List of artificial objects on the Moon
List_of_artificial_objects_on_the_Moon
1972 NASA scandal
prepared by the crews and flown on Apollo 11, Apollo 13 and Apollo 14. Ed Mitchell, lunar module pilot for Apollo 14, took his to the Moon's surface in
Apollo 15 postal covers incident
Apollo_15_postal_covers_incident
the ascent propulsion system on the Apollo Lunar Module, to provide information on the upper levels of the lunar crust at depths of several kilometers
Lunar Seismic Profiling Experiment
Lunar_Seismic_Profiling_Experiment
American astronaut and lunar explorer (1934–2017)
in June 1966, as Lunar Module pilot of Apollo 10 in May 1969, and as commander of Apollo 17 in December 1972, the final Apollo lunar landing. He was also
Gene_Cernan
Moon. During the retrieval of the Apollo Lunar Module (LM) from its stowed position below the command and service module (CSM), a light came on on the control
Journey of Apollo 15 to the Moon
Journey_of_Apollo_15_to_the_Moon
American computer engineer at NASA
on the computer systems in the Apollo Lunar Module vehicle. As a young engineer during the lunar landing on Lunar Module Eagle on 20 July 1969 he assisted
Don_Eyles
The Apollo Lunar Sample Return Container (ALSRC), colloquially referred to as the "rock box," was a specially designed aluminum container used during the
Apollo Lunar Sample Return Container
Apollo_Lunar_Sample_Return_Container
Crater on the Moon
the Earth return module at 07:24 UTC on the same day. The orbiter left lunar orbit on 20 June 2024 with the atmospheric re-entry module that landed in Inner
Apollo_(crater)
Upcoming crewed mission of the Artemis program
systems needed for a lunar landing. The Blue Origin vehicle has been has described as a Blue Moon Mark 1.5. It will have the same crew module as the Blue Moon
Artemis_III
Lunar research program (2004–present)
of missions to the Moon Apollo program – 1961–1972 American crewed lunar exploration program Artemis program – NASA-led lunar exploration program Chandrayaan
Chinese Lunar Exploration Program
Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program
Primary power and propulsion component of the Orion spacecraft
components. This module can also transport unpressurized cargo and scientific payloads. Unlike the Apollo command and service module, the ESM does not
European_Service_Module
Vehicle that travels on the Moon's surface
A lunar rover or Moon rover is a space exploration vehicle designed to move across the surface of the Moon. The Apollo program's Lunar Roving Vehicle was
Lunar_rover
Cancelled 2005–2010 NASA human spaceflight program
predecessor, the Apollo Lunar Module, at almost five times the volume, occupying a total of 1,120 cubic feet (32 m3) compared with the Apollo lander's 235
Constellation_program
Method of takeoff and landing used by rockets; vertical takeoff, vertical landing
Multiple VTVL craft have flown. A notable VTVL vehicle was the Apollo Lunar Module which delivered the first humans to the Moon. Building on the decades
VTVL
Large staged combustion rocket engine by Blue Origin
a low lunar orbit. The transfer element is in development by Lockheed Martin. Lunar Module Descent Engine – used on the Apollo Lunar Module's Descent
BE-7
American engineer (1920–2010)
an American engineer responsible for the development of the Lunar Module used in the Apollo program, as well as president, chief operating officer and
Joseph_G._Gavin_Jr
Colloquial saying
seconds. On the Apollo 5 uncrewed flight test of the first Apollo Lunar Module, a "fire in the hole test" used this procedure to simulate a lunar landing abort
Fire_in_the_hole
NASA robotic spacecraft orbiting the moon
several times over the historic Apollo lunar landing sites at 50 km (31 mi) altitude. The Lunar Roving Vehicles and Lunar Module descent stages and their respective
Lunar_Reconnaissance_Orbiter
for the Apollo Lunar Module guidance, navigation, and control systems – essentially the equivalent of the GNC for the Command and Service Module. Electrical
List of NASA's flight control positions
List_of_NASA's_flight_control_positions
Series of five uncrewed lunar orbiter missions
Intended to help select Apollo landing sites by mapping the Moon's surface, they provided the first photographs from lunar orbit and photographed both
Lunar_Orbiter_program
Lunar exploration mission by India and Japan
The Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (LUPEX) (also called Chandrayaan-5) is a planned joint lunar mission by ISRO and JAXA. The mission would send an uncrewed
Lunar Polar Exploration Mission
Lunar_Polar_Exploration_Mission
1929–1994 aerospace manufacturer
Apollo Lunar Module, the first spacecraft to land humans on the Moon. The firm received the contract on November 7, 1962, and built 13 lunar modules.
Grumman
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APOLLO LUNAR-MODULE
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