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Streaming media technique
Adaptive bitrate streaming is a technique used in streaming multimedia over computer networks. While in the past most video or audio streaming technologies
Adaptive_bitrate_streaming
HTTP-based adaptive bitrate streaming technique
Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH), also known as MPEG-DASH, is an adaptive bitrate streaming technique that enables high quality streaming of media
Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP
Dynamic_Adaptive_Streaming_over_HTTP
Streaming communications protocol
HTTP Live Streaming (also known as HLS) is an HTTP-based adaptive bitrate streaming communications protocol developed by Apple Inc. and released in 2009
HTTP_Live_Streaming
Multimedia delivery method
Microsoft's Smooth Streaming, Adobe's HDS and non-proprietary formats such as MPEG-DASH emerged to enable adaptive bitrate streaming over HTTP as an alternative
Streaming_media
British subscription television service
device. It uses adaptive bitrate streaming. In July 2013, Sky launched a white Now TV-branded Roku streaming box, allowing users to stream Now TV content
Now_(streaming_service)
Distribution of television content via the public internet
not have the bandwidth to stream HD/4K video or even SD video, most streaming platforms make use of an adaptive bitrate stream so that if the user's bandwidth
Streaming_television
W3C specification for web browsers to play DRM content
the Media Source Extensions (MSE) specification, which enables adaptive bitrate streaming in HTML audio and video, e.g. using MPEG-DASH with MPEG-CENC protected
Encrypted_Media_Extensions
Files in which the rate of bit transmission is non-constant
video to achieve uniform quality. Bitrate Average bitrate Constant bitrate Adaptive bitrate streaming Variable Bitrate (knowledgebase), Hydrogenaudio, 2007
Variable_bitrate
Open-source low-latency streaming server
used stream tools such as Open Broadcaster Software (OBS), Video camera, and Web browser with Webcam, encode them to Adaptive Bitrate Streaming (ABR)
OvenMediaEngine
Video streaming protocol
Efficiency Streaming Protocol (also known as HESP) is an HTTP-based adaptive bitrate streaming protocol that enables high-quality streaming of media content
High Efficiency Streaming Protocol
High_Efficiency_Streaming_Protocol
HTTP Pseudo-streaming (or progressive download), similar to streaming media or HTTP Live Streaming, also supports adaptive bitrate streaming. The disadvantage
Progressive_download
American video hosting platform
penetration of 4K displays at the time. Streaming of 4K content launched the following year, along with adaptive bitrate streaming support. In March 2017, Vimeo
Vimeo
HTML element
discussion also occurred on the W3C questions and answers blog. The adaptive bitrate streaming standard MPEG-DASH can be used in Web browsers via the Media Source
HTML_video
Brand by Nvidia
decoding hardware, with adaptive bitrate streaming scaling quality based on available bandwidth. Cinematic Quality Streaming (CQS) features YUV 4:4:4 chroma
GeForce_Now
Type of data compression for digital video or audio
example for adaptive bitrate streaming. Without layered coding, the source video stream must be encoded multiple times to obtain compressed streams with different
Layered_coding
Topics referred to by the same term
computing Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, a common plastics polymer Adaptive bitrate streaming Aerial base station, a flying antenna system Anti-lock braking
ABS
Information transmission rate expressed in bits per second
In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (bitrate or as a variable R) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. The
Bit_rate
2018 open and royalty-free video coding format
for a full keyframe at the beginning of a video segment in the adaptive bitrate streaming use case. Intra prediction consists of predicting the pixels of
AV1
Australian provider of Internet Protocol Television
applications, and a mobile app. The service is delivered using HLS adaptive bitrate streaming. The minimum internet sync speed required varies depending on
Fetch_TV
Web browser by Microsoft
dedicated to Windows 8.1, including cryptography (WebCrypto), adaptive bitrate streaming (Media Source Extensions) and Encrypted Media Extensions. Internet
Internet_Explorer
Radio station in Eureka, California, United States
implementation of Adaptive bitrate streaming, for its 192 kbit/s MP3 stream. In September 2006, the station began a 128 kbit/s AAC stream. In 2012, RP began
Radio_Paradise
Web browser by Microsoft for Windows released in 2013
Chrome 44 and Firefox 39 were also present. IE11 came last in Apple's JetStream test (which replaced SunSpider) and Google's Octane test (which replaces
Internet_Explorer_11
Video compression method for HDMI and DisplayPort links
compression artifacts while staying within the bitrate limits. DSC can work in constant or variable bitrate mode. The minimum allowed bits-per-pixel (BPP)
Display_Stream_Compression
Cloud gaming service
require a supported controller for gameplay. Boosteroid employs adaptive bitrate streaming that adjusts quality based on available bandwidth and network
Boosteroid
Wideband speech audio coding standard
Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband (AMR-WB) is a patented wideband speech audio coding standard developed based on Adaptive Multi-Rate encoding, using a similar
Adaptive_Multi-Rate_Wideband
Adaptive bitrate (ABR) video streaming technology was implemented to solve some of the challenges with streaming high bitrate videos. Videos streamed
Video_optimization
dedicated to Windows 8.1, including cryptography (WebCrypto), adaptive bitrate streaming (Media Source Extensions) and Encrypted Media Extensions. Internet
Internet Explorer version history
Internet_Explorer_version_history
Direct digital-to-digital conversion of one encoding to another
conversion Data transformation Lossy data conversion Video coding Adaptive bitrate streaming Comparison Comparison of DVD ripper software Comparison of video
Transcoding
Router ABR—Auto Baud-Rate detection ABR—Available Bitrate ABR—Average Bitrate ABR—Adaptive Bitrate (Streaming) AC—Acoustic Coupler AC—Alternating Current AC—Authorization
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
Software company in Canada
Companies, 2007 AVCHD H.264/MPEG-4 VC-1 adaptive bitrate streaming transcoding video codec content delivery network streaming media "Digital Rapids honored by
Digital_Rapids_Corporation
Audio data compression technology
Media File Format and most commonly used for Smooth Streaming, a form of adaptive bitrate streaming over HTTP. Related industry standards such as DECE
Windows_Media_Audio
Multimedia framework
addition to support for HLS, DASH and Microsoft Smooth Streaming for adaptive bitrate streaming. Free and open-source software portal List of software
GStreamer
der Spiegel. ISO/IEC DIS 23009-1.2 Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) "Vudu Launches Streaming Service". 12 April 2011. Retrieved May 30, 2016
Timeline_of_online_video
Digital audio encoding technology
Qualcomm's aptX-HD/aptX Adaptive and the HWA Union/Savitech's LHDC. LDAC is a streaming only ATRAC9 variant. By default, LDAC audio bitrate settings are set
LDAC_(codec)
Family of proprietary audio codecs owned by Qualcomm
aptX Adaptive is a next-generation dynamically adjustable audio codec intended for premium audio quality and low-latency. aptX Adaptive's bitrate scales
AptX
Audio codec
512 kbit/s for stereo streams. It uses 4 or 8 subbands and an adaptive bit allocation algorithm in combination with an adaptive block PCM quantizer. The
SBC_(codec)
Audio codec by Sony
Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding (ATRAC) is a family of proprietary audio compression algorithms developed by Sony. MiniDisc was the first commercial
ATRAC
Set of standards for multimedia applications
segmented media (MPEG CMAF), – a media application format for ABR (adaptive bitrate) media ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 MPEG. "MPEG standards - Full list of standards
MPEG-A
Video encoding standard
(human perceived) quality, at data rates of 1.5 Mbit/s. This specific bitrate was chosen for transmission over T-1/E-1 lines and as the approximate data
MPEG-1
Italian information engineer
Politecnico di Bari, Italy. Mascolo’s research interests include adaptive video streaming, immersive videoconferencing, congestion control, quality of experience
Saverio_Mascolo
Digital video format used for storage network transmission
impose strict constant bitrate requirements on the transport stream. In order to ensure that the stream maintains a constant bitrate, a multiplexer may need
MPEG_transport_stream
Computer format for digital audio
AMR-WB or AMR-WB+, but also some open formats .aa Audible (Amazon) A low-bitrate audiobook container format with DRM, containing audio encoded as either
Audio_file_format
Video streaming service
gaming app incorporated streaming functionality. During beta testing, streaming used the H.264 codec with an 8000 kbit/s bitrate. Accounts banned by streamers
CHZZK
Content delivery network by Netflix
overwhelmed or the Internet connection is poor, the system can select a lower-bitrate version of the title. Netflix launched Open Connect in 2012. Since then
Open_Connect
are compared in video codecs comparisons: Video quality per bitrate (or range of bitrates). Commonly video quality is considered the main characteristic
Comparison_of_video_codecs
adaptivity for beam training in 802.11ad, operator placement in dynamic user environments, DASH video player analysis, adaptive bitrate streaming and
Transition_(computer_science)
Audio codec
audio channels at a maximum bitrate of 640 kbit/s, E-AC-3 supports up to 15 full-bandwidth audio channels at a maximum bitrate of 6.144 Mbit/s. Dolby Digital
Dolby_Digital_Plus
2013 open and royalty-free video coding format
preliminary VP9 support), VP9, like H.264, required about two times the bitrate to reach video quality comparable to HEVC, while with synthetic imagery
VP9
Feature of GPUs by Nvidia
also lacks Sample Adaptive Offset (SAO). Adaptive quantization, look-ahead rate control, adaptive B-frames (H.264 only) and adaptive GOP features were
NVENC
HTML video streams use Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH), an HTTP-based adaptive bit-rate streaming solution optimizes the bitrate and quality
List_of_YouTube_features
Signal conversion technique
design, it is this very useful technique that allows for adaptive-delta-modulation. Adaptive delta modulation (ADM) was first published by Dr. John E
Delta_modulation
Video encoding software
265) MainConcept H.264 and MainConcept H.264 CUDA. Adaptive bitrate encoding allows for optimal bitrate and error resilience based on network conditions
Sorenson_Squeeze
Audio compression standard
Netflix also explained that xHE-AAC allowed them to begin streaming with adaptive audio bitrates to Android devices. Fraunhofer also announced xHE-AAC licenses
Unified Speech and Audio Coding
Unified_Speech_and_Audio_Coding
2025 Android mobile operating system
offers features such as YUV 422 color sampling, 10-bit encoding, and target bitrates of up to 2 Gbit/s. A reference implementation is provided through the OpenAPV
Android_16
Television channel
high resolution (with bitrates of up to 2.4 megabits per second). Since June 2010 SVT Play uses streaming with adaptive bitrate (between 320 and 2400
SVT_Play
Umbrella entertainment division of Sony
Dead' producers' streaming service". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 10, 2023. Welch, Chris (October 5, 2023). "Sony's high-bitrate movie service is
Sony_Entertainment
Live streaming platform of Vimeo
The platform also included an adaptive bitrate player. With its acquisition of Livestream.com, Vimeo provides live streaming services to individuals and
Vimeo_Livestream
Android smartphone
jack, and multiple high-bitrate Bluetooth codecs. For mobile gaming and content creation, it includes built-in live-streaming functionality alongside
Sony_Xperia_1_V
Open-source lossy audio codec
optimized for transparent compression of stereo audio at bitrates of 160–180 (manual set allows bitrates up to 320) kbit/s. It was formerly known as MPEGplus
Musepack
Digital display interface
January 2013 and may optionally include VESA's Adaptive Sync. AMD's FreeSync uses the DisplayPort Adaptive-Sync feature for operation. FreeSync was first
DisplayPort
Spanish video on demand service
V.O.S.E. (original version with Spanish subtitles). Streaming technology with adaptive bitrate is used for viewing, meaning that the definition depends
Filmin
Format used to store digital video on DVDs
channel layouts = 2.0, 2.1, 5.0, 5.1, 6.1; bitrates for 2.0 and 2.1 = 377.25 and 503.25 kbit/s, bitrates for 5.x and 6.1 = 754.5 and 1509.75 kbit/s;
DVD-Video
Digital satellite television standard
performance than its predecessors – mainly allowing for an increase of available bitrate over the same satellite transponder bandwidth. The measured DVB-S2 performance
DVB-S2
Series of multichannel audio technologies
for playing different audio streams to different groups of speakers streaming line-in input to a speaker group streaming of arbitrary audio output on
DTS,_Inc.
Royalty-free lossy audio encoding format
failure mode when the bitrate is too low to encode the audio without perceptible loss. The sound of compression artifacts at low bitrates is similar to reverberations
Vorbis
Video compression format, succeeds H.264/MPEG-4 AVC
standard 4K video capture at 30 frames per second typically requires a target bitrate of approximately 50 Mbps using HEVC, requiring roughly 22.5 GB of storage
High_Efficiency_Video_Coding
Mobile data technology for GSM networks
is the bitrate including the RLC/MAC headers, but excluding the uplink state flag (USF), which is part of the MAC header, yielding a bitrate that is
EDGE_(telecommunication)
Type of digital communication link sharing
of variable bitrate digital channels or data streams. The link sharing is adapted to the instantaneous traffic demands of the data streams that are transferred
Statistical time-division multiplexing
Statistical_time-division_multiplexing
Magneto-optical storage medium, mainly for audio (1992–2013)
The bitrate of the standard SP mode is 292 kbit/s, and it uses separate stereo coding with discrete left and right channels. LP2 mode uses a bitrate of
MiniDisc
Type of data compression
several different bitrates, and then either choose which to use (as when streaming over the internet – as in RealNetworks' "SureStream" – or offering varying
Lossy_compression
Video of higher resolution than original television
com. Retrieved 2009-10-16. "Streaming Protocols for Flash, RTMP, H.264 & VP6". Dacast. Retrieved 2011-11-30. "Live Streaming Solution". Dacast. Retrieved
High-definition_video
Video encoding standard
NTSC. See telecine for more information on how this works. Audio + video bitrate Video peak 9.8 Mbit/s Total peak 10.08 Mbit/s Minimum 300 kbit/s YUV 4:2:0
MPEG-2
American video streaming service
2020, Amazon said it had already begun to reduce streaming bitrates while maintaining a quality streaming: "We support the need for careful management of
Amazon_Prime_Video
Lossy audio compression format
Kbps in two channels); nearly-lossless in 384 Kbps @ stereo, or higher bitrate; higher efficiency and simpler filter bank. AAC uses a pure MDCT (modified
Advanced_Audio_Coding
Audio codec and compression format
It can use a sampling rate from 32 kHz to 48 kHz and above and an adaptive bitrate from 24 kbit/s to 128 kbit/s per channel and above. There are no known
CELT
Voice coding method
is sometimes called a compromise between simplicity, low bitrate, and quality. Common bitrates are 9.6–128 kbit/s. Like other delta-modulation techniques
Continuously variable slope delta modulation
Continuously_variable_slope_delta_modulation
system bitrate to 18 Mbit/s, which is lower than AVCREC's maximum permitted bitrate. For example, in ATSC HDTV broadcasts, the system bitrate of a channel
AVCREC
Compact encoding of digital data
especially well to adaptive data compression tasks where the statistics vary and are context-dependent, as it can be easily coupled with an adaptive model of the
Data_compression
Signal processing technique
Vorbis bitrate peeling WavPack hybrid mode JPEG 2000 SNR scalability H. Méric, J. Lacan, F. Arnal, G. Lesthievent, M.-L. Boucheret, Combining Adaptive Coding
Hierarchical_modulation
Audio compression format
DA&T Audio. Android 17 added native support for LHDC v5. LHDC supports bitrates of 160–1000 kbps, bit-depth of up to 24 bit and sample rate of up to 192 kHz
LHDC_(codec)
Family of technologies that are used to transmit digital data over telephone lines
xDSL where the bitrate is equal in both directions. ISDN digital subscriber line (IDSL), ISDN-based technology that provides a bitrate equivalent to two
Digital_subscriber_line
File format family
528 px × 576 px, 640 px × 480 px or 768 px × 432 px and beyond) and the bitrate 1 Mbit/s[citation needed]. It is targeted towards high-definition video
Windows_Media_Video
Multimedia information signaling
RFC 4867 – "RTP Payload Format and File Storage Format for the Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) and Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband (AMR-WB) Audio Codecs," Proposed Standard
RTP_payload_formats
Image compression standard and coding system
target bitrate, and the value to optimize is the overall distortion. Packets can be reordered almost arbitrarily in the JPEG 2000 bit-stream; this gives
JPEG_2000
Video codec
deblocking filter, the adaptive sample offset compensation is adopted to further reduce the distortion. The AVS2 adds an adaptive filter after the deblocking
Audio_Video_Standard
Widely used standard for video compression
Satellite TV quality as current MPEG-2 implementations with less than half the bitrate, with current MPEG-2 implementations working at around 3.5 Mbit/s and H
Advanced_Video_Coding
Digital electronic representation of moving visual images
output with a constant bitrate (CBR). This CBR video is suitable for real-time, non-buffered, fixed bandwidth video streaming (e.g., in videoconferencing)
Digital_video
Stream ciphers
Ciphers: Scalable Chacha8/12/20 Implementations Ranging from 476 Slices to Bitrates of 175 Gbit/s". 2019 32nd IEEE International System-on-Chip Conference
Salsa20
may detect changes in user behavior or environmental context to optimize bitrate and avoid unnecessary data transmission. Furthermore, semantic-aware compression—where
Bandwidth_compression
Video compression format, succeeds MPEG-1
quantization level of each block, raising the quality and bitrate when both streams are combined. A main stream can be recreated losslessly. Spatial-scalability
H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2
Alliance of working groups for multimedia coding
3 – 3D Audio. MPEG-DASH (2012): Information technology – Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH). (ISO/IEC 23009) Part 1 – Media presentation description
Moving_Picture_Experts_Group
Audio compression software
VBR with exactly the right quality setting to meet the target average bitrate. When enabled, voice activity detection detects whether the audio being
Speex
Clock deviation from perfect periodicity
with adaptive de-jittering involve introducing discontinuities in the media play-out, which may be noticeable to the listener or viewer. Adaptive de-jittering
Jitter
Digital audio format
standard allows. Most players will still play these files. The highest bitrate at 44.1 kHz that is strictly within the standard is 256 kbit/s. This is
MP3
Perceived video degradation
October 2018. Retrieved 23 October 2019. "Per-Scene Adaptation: Going Beyond Bitrate". Bitmovin. 5 January 2018. Retrieved 23 October 2019. Koumaras, H.; Kourtis
Video_quality
Music streaming service by Apple
Apple Music is a music streaming service launched by Apple in June 2015. The service is available in 167 countries and currently has over 100 million
Apple_Music
Format for digital video content
initially using uncompressed pulse-code modulation (PCM), requiring high bitrates around 45–200 Mbit/s for standard-definition (SD) video, which was up to
Video_coding_format
Lossy audio compression applied to human speech
Microsoft's Satin also uses machine learning, but uses a higher tunable bitrate and is wideband. Wideband audio coding Linear predictive coding (LPC) AMR-WB
Speech_coding
Method of encoding digital data on multiple carrier frequencies
for each purpose. Some forms of rate-adaptive DSL use this feature in real time, so that the bitrate is adapted to the co-channel interference and bandwidth
Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
Orthogonal_frequency-division_multiplexing
American technology company
The combination enables video streaming with the same visual quality as that using GPUs, but at 35%-45% lower bitrate. In November 2018, the company's
Xilinx
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